Psalms 47-48 – Sermon Manuscript

-I wish we could be there not just for our church gathering, but also for the potluck afterwards, but we have some dear friends from our time in Cheyenne that are moving from there to Sioux Falls, so the elders graciously let us head out West to be there for their last Sunday. If you didn’t know, Cheyenne was where I first served in ministry, and where Cara and I met.

-Additionally, I’m bummed that I’m missing Iglesia Vida joining us today! Isaac has become an amigo over the last number of months, so when he suggested doing a service together, I got excited!

-We are doing a series through the book of Psalms Psalms 47-48 today, pg. 497

-My call to ministry became solidified in 2008 when I read this book, Worship Matters by Bob Kauflin. All throughout high school you have people asking you the question what you want to be when you grow up, and honestly being a pastor was the furthest thing from my mind! I considered becoming an archaeologist because I loved history (turns out it’s not quite like Indiana Jones made it out to be). I thought maybe I’d do something with music, because I took a music theory class my sophomore year that ignited a passion and love for music that I still have! By the time I got to college, I had a sense that God wanted me to do something with ministry, but I didn’t have a declared major when I got there, all I had was a church music minor. Turned out their idea of “church music” was very different from mine! It included things like: conducting an orchestra, how to play organ, and choirs. Meanwhile, I just wanted to play guitar! So I ended up dropping the minor, but kept pursuing ministry, and then this book came out, and it was game over for me! I knew exactly what I wanted to do (at least I thought). It’s been refined and focused, and my job has shifted over the years with it, but through this book I discovered that I wanted to help people fall in love with Jesus, and worship Him with all they have! For most of my life, music has been one of the primary ways I’ve done that, and I still love when I get to play music here, even if it’s not one of my primary responsibilities.

-But worship is more than music (even though it’s not less than music!) God’s people are marked by singing throughout history. Every week we gather together and spend a good deal of time singing, but when we do that we’re just joining in on something that’s already taking place. Rev. 4 tells us that in the heavenly realm, right now, there are 4 living creatures around the throne who never stop saying, “holy, holy, holy, Lord God, the Almighty, who was, who is, and who is to come.”

-Friends, the reality is, as the book says, worship matters. Here’s what Bob Kafulin says at the beginning of this book:

-We’re going to be looking at 2 Psalms today that give a framework for why we worship God, and it’s going to work from the transcendence (greatness) of God down to the immanence (nearness) of God. Those 2 realities are what we need to hold in a healthy tension to understand how we worship God. It begins with the understanding that He is so much bigger and beyond us that all we can do is worship, and at the same time we worship because He is here with us all the time. Let’s read it and I think you’ll see what I mean.

READ/PRAY (pg. 497)

  1. Because He is Awe-Inspiring (47:1-4)

-First, we need to look at who is being addressed here, and it’s something that makes this Psalm very unique. It’s continuing a theme we saw last week in Ps. 46:10 “Stop fighting, and know that I am God, exalted among the nations, exalted on the earth.” Here the nations are included in the call to come and worship God, which tells us that even in the OT, God’s plans weren’t just focused on 1 nation or people, His invitation was to everyone, people from every tribe, tongue, and nation!

-Second, do you notice that this begins with a couple commands? It says we’re to clap our hands and shout to God with a jubilant cry. I’m not sure if you know this, but we’re supposed to worship God with more than just our minds, and I sometimes worry that we’re more influenced by the enlightenment in our approach to our faith than we are the Bible. The enlightenment highly emphasized our intellect above and beyond anything else which means our souls and bodies have been underemphasized. Like, I’ve seen a professor begin a talk saying, “How would you respond to the phrase ‘you are your body’”? I’ve done it here before, and people started laughing, but it’s true! Now, it’s not true if I said, “you are just your body,” we’re more than a body, but we are our body, which means we should be using our bodies to worship God.

-That doesn’t mean we have to clap our shout every time we gather as the church, but I would challenge you, if you’ve never done these things as part of your expression of worship, why not?

-Just as a reminder, worship is more than music, but music is unique in worship in that it requires our holistic engagement. There’s a reason we ask you to stand to sing: it’s easier to sing when you’re standing. It requires your diaphragm, lungs, and vocal chords, and when you stand all of those are expanded. Music moves us in some incredible ways, if you want to see an example of this, look up the YouTube video “How to Train Your Dragon is a masterclass in Theme Writing” (plus it’s just an incredible piece of music!) Music does something to move us emotionally, and if we’re in Christ, then we know that music can help us become more like Jesus!

-Jonathan Edwards in his book Religious Affections described it this way: we’re commanded to sing because it moves us in ways just talking can’t. That’s why we sing on Sundays, because music is going to help move the truths we’re studying down into our hearts.

-Another contemporary of Edwards, but serving as a pastor in England, John Wesley, wrote rules for congregational singing, which is worth looking up (you can google it), but it includes things like “sing all, sing modestly, sing in time” and my favorite: “sing lustily.” That meant something different to him than to us, for him it means very enthusiastically. But he urges us to sing with boldness, to completely engage in singing together. One of the highlights of my annual calendar is going to our denomination’s theology conference in Feb. because the singing is so fun! It’s simple instruments (kind of like what’s happening today) and the focus is on the truths being sung and the voices, and pastors like to sing! Ask Mark Rivenburg or Phil Emery or Jerry Rich about it, it’s an incredibly moving experience.

-But this worship isn’t a “just because” thing, God isn’t just obsessed with Himself and wanting us to give him attention, there’s always a reason for us to respond to God with singing, and the way you can divide this first Psalm is between the commands to physically praise God with the supporting reason why we praise Him. So we’ve just talked about first verse, but notice how verse 2 begins: FOR, so we’re commanded to clap and shout FOR or because The Lord is awe-inspiring, some translations will say “awesome” here.

-And then it lists what God has done for them: He first is ruling as a great King, He has subdued people and nations under them, and He chose this people as the people that He loves. So the way you could think of this is backwards: God has chosen us, He has subdued other nations, and He’s ruling as a great King, therefore He is awesome and we will respond in worship.

Selah throughout the Psalms is most likely an extended instrumental where you stop singing and reflect on the truths you just sang, so I’m going to give you 60 sec. to silently pray and praise God for being awe-inspiring.

  • Because He Reigns (47:5-9)

-Verse 5 serves as a transition from the first section to the second, God has ascended to His rightful place as King. And how are the people commanded to respond? By singing praises. Do you see why we spent so much time in the first section talking about why worship matters and particularly singing. Once again, this is a command, and to signify its’ importance, it’s repeated 5x!

-And just as we saw before, we’re given a risen to sing: first, because God is the King of the whole earth (same wordings as vs. 2). And remember what I said earlier, that we’re going to move from the transcendence (other-ness) of God to the immanence (nearness).  We move from the whole earth to getting more specific in vs. 8. God not only rules over the earth, He also rules over the specific nations. At this time, gods were seen as representing specific nations, so if God reigns over all the nations, He’s supreme to all the other gods the other nations worshipped. And once again, we see this glimpse of God’s plans which include all people. Not only is God reigning over the nations, the nobles or leaders of all these other nations have gathered together with God’s people, descended from Father Abraham. No people or nation are excluded from God’s invitation!

  • Because He Rules Over Nations (48:1-8)

-The narrowing of focus continues in this Psalm. We’ve gone from the whole earth to focusing on the nations, then the leaders of those nations, and now we’re focusing on a specific city. At this time it would have been Jerusalem, which isn’t on a mountain (Mount of Olives right next to it is higher!), instead this is meant to signify the importance of this city, as well as intentionally contrast it with Zaphon

-Sometimes this is a general reference to the north (see Isa. 14 the people refer to “the north” as some kind of divine meeting place), but it also can be referring to a specific mountain (called Zaphon) marking the boundary between the Holy Land and Syria, which is where the Canaanites believed Baal lived. That means the Psalmist is intentionally making a contrast between the one true God and the gods of these other nations. God’s reigning is better than these other competing nations, which means if the Canaanites want to focus on the wrong mountain, they can! But the true ruler is on Mount Zion.

-That great city isn’t great because it’s imposing or impressive, it’s great because God is the one who is there. He is the one who defends it and strengthens it. Which means all the other nations don’t stand a chance!

-The nations tried to attack, but seeing the city terrified them and made them run away. When someone tries to stand against God, they will end up terrified. A woman in labor is often used to describe the eventual demise of God’s enemies, and the ships of Tarshish should bring to mind Jonah who tried to flee to Tarshish. This signifies an incredible strong and well-built boat capable of taking people to furthest corners of the earth. But compared to God, they’re nothing.

-I think there’s an allusion in vs. 8 back to Psalm 44. That Psalm was crying out to God, but there’s no resolution, it ends asking God to redeem His people, and I think this Psalm gives us the resolution. Previously, they had only heard about the works of the Lord, now they’re witnesses to them.

-All this is taking place in God’s city, which He will establish forever.

-I want to take a minute for us to think about that first phrase: as we heard, so we have seen. Where have you seen God at work recently? I was thinking about this with our trip we’re on – I’m really good at starting out praying with our family for safety and patience on the trip, but I’m less good at pointing out God’s protection and provision when we get there because I just assume it (and I’m just tired by the end of a long drive). But is that also true in our churches where we just assume things are going to work out well instead of taking time to bring attention to the ways God is working? Like what if we intentionally did more than just exchange pleasantries when we get to church? Instead of just saying “how are you?” we asked each other, “how have you seen God at work this week?”

-We’ve arrived at another Selah moment, so for this one, take a minute to silently pray and ask God to reveal the ways you’ve seen Him at work this week, and then think about sharing them with someone before you leave today.

  • Because He is Present (48:9-14)

-We’ve slowly been narrowing down our scope further and further. We started with the whole earth, then focused on the nations of the world, then the leaders of those nations, the last section brought our attention to the city of God, and now we end at 1 building: the temple, the place where the people go to meet with God.

-And within that temple, we contemplate your (Hebrew word) chesed, covenant and faithful keeping love. Just like we continue doing today, we gather here to remember how God continues providing for us, His people. So then God’s praise extends to every corner of the earth because God brings true justice, hold on to that until we get to the end of the next verse.

-The next few verses seem kind of weird to us because it’s describing an ancient city. I like the way Jim Hamilton in his commentary on this book summarizes what the Psalmist is doing: He says that the reason look for God at work is because when we see Him at work, we’ll see his character made visible, which is supposed to be taking place around us all the time. Think of what we see in Psalm 19 “the heavens declare the glory of God.” Church – the rest of creation is continually shouting praises to God, we’re the one part of the creation that often willingly rebels against worshipping.

-And do you see in here that not only are we supposed to be looking for where God is working, it says that His people are glad and rejoice because of His judgments, which is connected to His justice. That’s one that I don’t think often makes us glad or rejoice. This is one of those areas we tend to downplay or ignore today, but when we get to heaven, we’ll give praise to God for those judgments because they’re right and true. There 2 implications to that: first is that we don’t need to worry about getting someone back when they wrong us because we can trust in God’s judgment, and secondly that gives us a solution to all the evil and sin we see around us in the world. It might appear to us like evil is winning but we know that perfect justice will be brought about when Jesus comes back.

-All these things that the people are invited to look at ultimately can’t protect the city, as we’ve seen in other Psalms. The reason they’re invited to look at those is to remember that their primary protection doesn’t come from their buildings, it only comes through God, so the reason this city is so impressive is because of the God that blesses it. And this invitation isn’t just for the people to be impressed, it’s so they can do something with what they’ve seen: tell future generations.

-We saw this in last week’s Psalm too, the invitation to come and see the works of the Lord. And this is where we need to remember that God doesn’t have any grandchildren, every generation needs to be reminded of the truths of the gospel, which means every single one of us has the responsibility to talk about where we’re seeing God at work.

-DA Carson has shared that the message of the hope of the gospel is always only 3 generations away from disappearing. He says a first generation believes the gospel and believes that there are certain entailments or implications to that (ways of living, ways of conducting your business, that kind of thing). The second generation assumes the gospel but holds on to the implications. Then the last generation denies the gospel because those implications became everything. I’ve seen that in my conversations with people! They’ve left the church because they didn’t actually know the God behind the ways we live. And this is where we’re back to this tension of God’s immanence and transcendence, and we need both of them.

-See, we worship God because He is so much bigger and beyond us, but that doesn’t do anything to stir our hearts and affections to become more like Him or get excited about sharing what God has done with others (both Christians and non-Christians). We need the reminder that God is beyond us to help us understand our place in creation, and the reminder that God is near us to remember that we can call out to Him with each and every need in our lives. In my study this week, I came across this quote from Charles Spurgeon (British pastor in the 1800s):

-That last phrase is saying there’s no longer any separation from us to God. If we have been saved, we are now the city of God! God lives in and with us and gives us opportunities to see and praise Him for what He has done in and through us. And friends, our response to what we’ve seen here should be enthusiastic worship! We’ve seen these commands in here to clap and shout and sing and contemplate and praise and speak these realities to future generations, so let’s work towards that, praising God with all that we are and with all that we have.

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Bueno, buenos días. Mi nombre es Pastor Mike. Sirvo como el pastor principal aquí, y quisiera poder estar allí en persona hoy, no solo para nuestra reunión de la iglesia, sino también para la comida compartida después. Tenemos unos queridos amigos de nuestro tiempo en Cheyenne que se están mudando a Sioux Falls. Así que los ancianos aquí amablemente nos permitieron ir al oeste para estar allí en su último domingo. Si no lo sabían, Cheyenne fue donde serví por primera vez en el ministerio, así como donde Cara y yo nos conocimos. Además, también me da tristeza perderme que Iglesia Vida se una a nosotros hoy. Isaac se ha convertido en un amigo para mí durante los últimos meses. Así que cuando sugirió hacer un servicio juntos, me emocioné bastante.

Bueno, como vieron en ese breve video introductorio, estamos haciendo nuestra serie normal de verano a través del libro de los Salmos este verano. Hoy estaremos en los Salmos 47 y 48. Así que quisiera invitarlos a tomar sus Biblias y abrirlas en esos dos capítulos. Si no tienen una Biblia, tomen una de las negras en el banco cerca de ustedes. Ambos están en la página 497.

Bueno, mi llamado al ministerio se solidificó en 2008 cuando leí este libro, que se titula Worship Matters, de Bob Coughlin. Ahora, esta era una historia típica durante toda la secundaria. La gente te hace la pregunta: ¿qué quieres ser cuando seas grande? Y honestamente, durante la mayor parte de la secundaria, ser pastor era prácticamente lo último que tenía en mente. Consideré convertirme en arqueólogo porque amaba y todavía amo la historia, pero resulta que un arqueólogo normal no es exactamente como Indiana Jones lo hacía parecer. Pensé que tal vez haría algo con la música porque en mi segundo año de secundaria tomé una clase de teoría musical que realmente encendió una pasión y un amor por la música que todavía tengo.

Para cuando llegué a la universidad, tenía la sensación de que Dios quería que hiciera algo con el ministerio, pero no tenía una carrera declarada cuando llegué allí. Todo lo que tenía era una especialización secundaria, que era en música de iglesia. Desafortunadamente para mí, cuando llegué allí, descubrí que su idea de música de iglesia era muy diferente a la mía. Así que en esa escuela incluía cosas como dirigir una orquesta, aprender a tocar el órgano y coros. Mientras tanto, yo solo quería tocar la guitarra. Así que terminé dejando esa especialización secundaria, pero seguí buscando el ministerio en varias formas y maneras.

Y entonces salió este libro y realmente fue el final para mí. Sabía exactamente lo que quería hacer, o al menos eso pensaba. Ahora, desde entonces, durante casi los últimos 20 años, se ha ido refinando y enfocando, y mi trabajo ha cambiado a lo largo de los años junto con eso. Pero a través del libro descubrí que lo que realmente quería hacer era ayudar a las personas a enamorarse de Jesús y adorarlo con todo lo que tienen. Ahora, durante la mayor parte de mi vida, la música ha sido una de las formas principales en que he hecho eso. Y todavía me encanta cuando puedo tocar música aquí, aunque no sea una de mis responsabilidades principales. Pero una de las cosas que digo regularmente es que la adoración es más que música, aunque no es menos que música.

Miren, el pueblo de Dios ha sido marcado por el canto a lo largo de toda la historia. Cada semana nos reunimos aquí y pasamos una buena cantidad de tiempo cantando. Pero cuando hacemos eso, en realidad solo nos estamos uniendo a algo que ya está ocurriendo. Apocalipsis capítulo 4 nos dice que en el ámbito celestial, ahora mismo, hay cuatro seres vivientes alrededor del trono que nunca dejan de decir: “Santo, santo, santo, Señor Dios Todopoderoso, el que era, el que es, y el que ha de venir.”

Amigos, la realidad es, como dice este libro, que la adoración importa. Esto es lo que Bob Kauflin dice sobre eso al comienzo del libro. Él dice: “La adoración importa. Le importa a Dios porque Él es quien finalmente es digno de toda adoración. Nos importa a nosotros porque adorar a Dios es la razón por la cual fuimos creados. Y le importa a todo líder de adoración porque no tenemos mayor privilegio que guiar a otros a encontrarse con la grandeza de Dios.” Por eso es tan importante pensar cuidadosamente en lo que hacemos y por qué lo hacemos.

Bueno, como dije antes, vamos a estar mirando dos salmos hoy que nos dan un marco para entender por qué adoramos a Dios. Y va a ir desde la trascendencia, es decir, la grandeza de Dios, hasta la inmanencia o cercanía de Dios. Esas dos realidades son las que necesitamos mantener en una tensión saludable para entender cómo es que adoramos a Dios. Siempre tiene que comenzar con este entendimiento de que Él es mucho más grande y está más allá de nosotros, de modo que todo lo que podemos hacer es responder en adoración. Y al mismo tiempo, también adoramos porque Él está aquí con nosotros todo el tiempo.

Leamos juntos estos dos Salmos y creo que verán a qué me refiero. Así que Salmos 47 y 48, nuevamente página 497. Y si lo tienen, los invito a ponerse de pie como una manera de honrar y respetar la palabra de Dios. Y como hacemos cada semana, voy a darles un breve momento en silencio para preparar su corazón y su mente para escuchar al único Dios verdadero y vivo.

Iglesia, escuchen la palabra del Señor. Salmo 47, comenzando en el versículo cero. Para el director del coro, un salmo de los hijos de Coré. Aplaudan, todos los pueblos; griten a Dios con voz de júbilo. Porque el Señor, el Altísimo, es digno de reverencia, un gran Rey sobre toda la tierra. Él somete pueblos bajo nosotros y naciones bajo nuestros pies. Él escoge para nosotros nuestra herencia, el orgullo de Jacob, a quien Él ama. Selah.

Dios asciende entre gritos de alegría, el Señor al sonido del cuerno de carnero. Canten alabanzas a Dios, canten alabanzas. Canten alabanzas a nuestro Rey, canten alabanzas. Canten un cántico de sabiduría, porque Dios es Rey de toda la tierra. Dios reina sobre las naciones; Dios está sentado en su santo trono. Los nobles de los pueblos se han reunido con el pueblo del Dios de Abraham. Porque los líderes de la tierra pertenecen a Dios; Él es grandemente exaltado.

Salmo 48, versículo 0: “Un cántico, un salmo de los hijos de Coré.” Grande es el Señor y muy digno de alabanza en la ciudad de nuestro Dios. Su santo monte, que se eleva espléndidamente, es el gozo de toda la tierra. El monte Sion, la cumbre de Zafón, es la ciudad del gran Rey. Dios es conocido como una fortaleza en sus ciudadelas. ¡Miren! Los reyes se reunieron. Avanzaron juntos. Miraron y quedaron paralizados de miedo. Huyeron aterrorizados. Allí se apoderó de ellos el temblor, dolor como el de una mujer de parto, cuando destruyó las naves de Tarsis con el viento del este.

Tal como lo oímos, así lo hemos visto. En la ciudad del Señor de los ejércitos, en la ciudad de nuestro Dios, Dios la afirmará para siempre. Selah. Dios, dentro de tu templo contemplamos tu amor fiel. Como tu nombre, oh Dios, así tu alabanza llega hasta los confines de la tierra. Tu mano derecha está llena de justicia. El monte Sion se alegra; las aldeas de Judá se regocijan a causa de tus juicios. Rodeen Sion, denle la vuelta, cuenten sus torres, observen sus murallas, recorran sus ciudadelas para que puedan contarlo a la generación futura: este Dios, nuestro Dios, por siempre y para siempre, Él siempre nos guiará.

Mientras se sientan, ¿podrían acompañarme una vez más en una oración? Dios, te damos gracias porque tenemos el privilegio de venir ante ti con adoración, porque la adoración puede permear toda nuestra vida. Y te pido que lo que está ocurriendo durante el resto de este tiempo juntos esta mañana sea un acto de adoración, que seamos nosotros respondiendo a ti, el Dios que es digno de toda alabanza, adoración y reconocimiento. Así que Dios, por favor habla a través de mí hoy, aunque estoy grabando esto antes en la semana. Estoy agradecido de que no estás limitado ni restringido por el tiempo y el espacio como nosotros. Pero oro para que esta palabra edifique y fortalezca a nosotros como tu pueblo aquí hoy. Oramos todo esto por tu causa y por tu nombre. Amén.

Bueno, cada sección de estos Salmos nos dice varias razones por las que debemos adorar a Dios. Y comienza en el 47 con la realidad de que Él es asombroso. Y lo primero que necesitamos mirar es a quién se está dirigiendo aquí. El versículo uno dice: “Aplaudan, todos los pueblos.” Y es algo que creo que hace que este Salmo sea muy único. Está continuando un tema que vimos la semana pasada en el Salmo 46, versículo 10. Un versículo muy conocido que muchos de nosotros hemos escuchado antes, pero en esta traducción me gustó lo que dice. Dice: “Dejen de pelear y sepan que yo soy Dios,” exaltado entre las naciones, exaltado en la tierra.

Así que aquí, continuando ese tema de la semana pasada, las naciones están incluidas en este llamado, esta invitación a venir y adorar a Dios, lo cual nos dice que incluso aquí, en las páginas del Antiguo Testamento, los planes de Dios no eran solo enfocarse en una nación o un pueblo. Su invitación era para todos, todo pueblo, toda tribu, toda lengua y toda nación.

Segundo, ¿notan que este Salmo comienza con un par de mandatos explícitos? Dice que debemos aplaudir y gritar a Dios con voz de júbilo. Ahora, no estoy seguro de si lo saben, pero en realidad se supone que debemos adorar a Dios con más que solo nuestras mentes. Y a veces me preocupa que muchos de nosotros estemos más influenciados por la Ilustración en nuestro enfoque de la fe que por la Biblia.

Miren, la Ilustración de hace un par de siglos enfatizó enormemente el intelecto por encima de todo lo demás. Así que como Descartes dijo tan famosamente: “Pienso, luego existo.” Lo que significa que la única razón que puedo pensar de que existo es ser un ser pensante. Pero lo que hizo fue que restó importancia a nuestras almas y a nuestros cuerpos. He escuchado a un pastor describirlo como que la Ilustración trató a los seres humanos como cerebros en un palo.

Ahora, he visto a un profesor dar una charla que dice: ¿cómo responderías a la frase: tú eres tu cuerpo? Lo he hecho aquí antes y la gente empezó a reírse, pero es verdad. Ahora, no sería cierto si dijera que solo eres tu cuerpo. Somos más que un cuerpo, pero somos nuestro cuerpo. Lo que significa que necesitamos usar nuestros cuerpos para adorar a Dios.

Ahora, esto no significa que tengamos que aplaudir o gritar cada vez que nos reunimos como iglesia. Pero los desafiaría, si nunca han hecho estas cosas como parte de su expresión de adoración, ¿por qué no? Ahora de nuevo, solo un recordatorio, la adoración es más que música, pero la música también es única en la adoración, en que requiere de nosotros una participación integral.

Como un solo ejemplo breve, hay una razón por la que les pedimos que se pongan de pie cuando cantamos. ¿Sabían que en realidad es físicamente más fácil cantar cuando están de pie? Requiere nuestro diafragma, nuestros pulmones, nuestras cuerdas vocales y nuestra garganta, y cuando se ponen de pie, todo eso se expande.

No solo eso, sino que la música en realidad nos mueve emocionalmente de maneras increíbles. Si quieren ver un ejemplo de esto, busquen el video de YouTube: How to Train Your Dragon is a Masterclass in Theme Writing. No solo es un video muy interesante que les da algunas perspectivas diferentes sobre las piezas orquestales o las bandas sonoras de películas, sino que simplemente es una pieza increíble de música.

Pero la música hace algo emocionalmente en nosotros. Nos mueve, nos conmueve. Y si estamos en Cristo, entonces sabemos que la música en realidad puede ayudarnos a ser más como Jesús. Jonathan Edwards, en su libro Afectos Religiosos, lo describe de esta manera. Él dice: “El deber de cantar alabanzas a Dios parece haber sido establecido principalmente para despertar y expresar afectos religiosos. No se puede asignar otra razón por la cual debamos expresarnos ante Dios en verso en lugar de prosa, y hacerlo con música, sino solo que tal es nuestra naturaleza y constitución, que estas cosas tienen una tendencia a mover nuestros afectos.”

Ahora, lo que él está diciendo aquí es que se nos manda cantar porque nos mueve de maneras que solo hablar no puede. Por eso cantamos los domingos, porque la música nos va a ayudar a tomar las verdades que estamos aprendiendo y estudiando juntos y llevarlas hasta nuestros corazones. Lo he dicho de esta manera durante varios años: puedo garantizarles que no van a salir de aquí tarareando el sermón. Pero espero que tal vez recuerden una de las canciones que cantamos que les recordará una de las verdades que leímos en el sermón.

De hecho, una vez tuve a alguien que habló conmigo sobre las canciones que cantábamos porque dijo que salía y se le quedaban en la cabeza todo el día, como si eso fuera algo malo. Las canciones que cantamos, las cosas en las que meditamos y reflexionamos, deben estar inspiradas por la Palabra de Dios.

De manera similar, otro contemporáneo de Edwards, pero que servía como pastor al otro lado del océano en Inglaterra, es un hombre llamado John Wesley. John Wesley en realidad escribió reglas para el canto congregacional, lo cual vale la pena buscar; simplemente pueden buscarlo en Google. Pero incluye cosas como cantar todo, es decir, cantar toda la música. Canten modestamente, es decir, no canten tan fuerte que sea una distracción para otras personas. Una de ellas es cantar a tiempo, así que no canten fuera del ritmo. Y mi favorita, la leeré completa, es cantar con entusiasmo.

Así que esta dice: “Canten con entusiasmo y con buen ánimo. Cuídense de cantar como si estuvieran medio muertos o medio dormidos, sino alcen su voz con fuerza. No tengan más miedo ahora de su voz, ni más vergüenza de que sea escuchada que cuando cantan las canciones de Satanás.” Ahora, una breve nota, él dice: “Canten con entusiasmo.” Eso también puede tomarse de cierta manera. En esta frase, él quiere decir con gran entusiasmo, con mucha emoción detrás. Pero lo que está exhortando es que cantemos con valentía, que nos involucremos completamente en nuestro canto juntos.

De hecho, uno de los momentos destacados de mi calendario anual, de mi año ministerial, es ir a la conferencia de teología de nuestra denominación en febrero, porque el canto es muy divertido. Son instrumentos sencillos, algo parecido a lo que está sucediendo hoy. Y el enfoque está en las verdades que se están cantando y en las voces. Y a los pastores realmente les gusta cantar. Así que hice que Mark Rivenburg y Phil Emery me acompañaran este año pasado. Jerry Rich ha venido varias veces; pregúntenle a cualquiera de ellos sobre eso. Es una experiencia increíblemente conmovedora.

Pero noten que esta adoración, este aplaudir, este gritar a Dios, no es algo “porque sí”. Como si Dios estuviera obsesionado consigo mismo y simplemente quisiera que nosotros le diéramos más atención. Siempre hay una razón para que respondamos a Dios con canto. Y la adoración siempre es una respuesta a lo que Dios ha hecho. Y la forma en que pueden dividir este Salmo, al menos este primero, es entre estos mandatos de alabar físicamente a Dios, seguidos por estas razones de apoyo por las que lo alabamos.

Así que todo lo que hemos hablado hasta ahora es el primer versículo, pero noten cómo comienza el versículo dos. Dice: porque. Así que se nos manda aplaudir y gritar porque, o podrían decir, debido a que el Señor es asombroso. Algunas de sus traducciones pueden decir temible aquí. Y luego continúa enumerando exactamente lo que Dios ha hecho por ellos. Dice que Él gobierna como un gran rey. Ha sometido pueblos y naciones bajo ellos. Ha escogido a este pueblo como el pueblo que Él ama.

Así que casi podrían pensar lógicamente que esto en realidad está al revés. Así que comienza con Dios escogiendo a este pueblo al que ama. Luego, para demostrar que ama, somete a estos pueblos debajo de Él mientras gobierna como el gran rey que es asombroso. Así que respondemos con adoración.

Ahora, he compartido esto varias veces. Aparece regularmente a lo largo de los Salmos. Esta pequeña palabra, selah, que simplemente aparece a lo largo de los Salmos, muy probablemente es una indicación musical que se refiere a un instrumental extendido donde dejan de cantar y reflexionan en las verdades que acaban de cantar. Así que, como hacemos regularmente, voy a darles 60 segundos para orar en silencio y alabar a Dios por ser asombroso.

La siguiente razón que vemos para adorar a Dios es porque Él reina. Así que el versículo cinco sirve como una especie de punto de transición. El resto del Salmo sigue el mismo orden que dije anteriormente. El versículo cinco es como una bisagra. Dice: “Dios asciende entre gritos de alegría, el Señor al sonido del cuerno de carnero.” Esto está diciendo que Dios ha ascendido a su lugar legítimo como rey. ¿Y ven cómo se manda al pueblo responder? Cantando. Cantando alabanzas.

¿Ven por qué pasamos tanto tiempo en la sección anterior hablando de por qué importa la adoración y particularmente el canto? Y una vez más, esto es un mandato. Y para mostrar su importancia, ¿notaron cuántas veces dice cantar? Así que una, dos, tres, cuatro, cinco. Cinco veces seguidas aparece este mandato, esta exhortación a que cantemos.

Y así como vimos anteriormente, se nos da una razón para cantar. Primero, porque Dios es el rey de toda la tierra. Es la misma frase que de hecho vimos anteriormente en el versículo 2. Y recuerden, mientras avanzamos por estos Salmos, vamos a ir moviéndonos desde la trascendencia, la otredad de Dios, hacia la inmanencia, la cercanía. Así que comenzamos con toda la tierra, ahora vamos a movernos para ser un poco más específicos en el versículo 8. Dice: “Dios no solo gobierna sobre la tierra, también reina sobre las naciones.” Naciones específicas.

Ahora, en ese tiempo, se veía a varios dioses como representantes de naciones específicas. Así que esta es una manera de decir que si Dios reina sobre estas naciones, Él también es supremo sobre todos esos otros dioses que esas naciones adoraban. Y una vez más, estamos viendo que los planes de Dios incluyen a todos los pueblos. Porque Dios no solo está reinando sobre las naciones, sino que dice que los nobles, o tal vez podrían leer esto como los líderes de todos los pueblos, se han reunido con el pueblo de Dios, aquellos que eran los descendientes de Abraham.

Amigos, ningún pueblo y ninguna nación queda excluida de la invitación de Dios a reunirse y exaltar al único Dios verdadero.

Ahora, el siguiente Salmo continúa este estrechamiento del enfoque. Así que acabamos de ver que Él gobierna sobre las naciones; vamos a ser un poco más explícitos sobre eso en esta siguiente sección. Así que recuerden, hemos pasado de gobernar sobre la tierra, a enfocarnos en las naciones y en los líderes de esas naciones. Ahora este Salmo va a estrecharlo aún más para hablar de una ciudad específica.

Así que tal vez han hecho esto en Google Earth, donde abren la aplicación, escriben una dirección, y es algo divertido ver el globo girar y luego acercarse lentamente a un vecindario específico. De hecho, a veces es un poco inquietante lo cerca que puede acercarse, pero esa es una imagen de lo que este Salmo está haciendo. Como que hemos mirado toda la tierra, hemos visto el globo girando, hemos acercado la vista para ver algunos mapas de estas naciones, ahora nos estamos enfocando aún más en una ciudad.

Y en ese tiempo, la ciudad de nuestro Dios habría sido Jerusalén. Hablamos de esto otra vez la semana pasada. Pero lo interesante de esto es que dice la ciudad de nuestro Dios, su santo monte. Ahora, Jerusalén no está sobre una montaña. De hecho, hay un lugar llamado el Monte de los Olivos que aparece en los evangelios, donde Jesús fue la noche en que lo mataron, que está justo junto a Jerusalén y de hecho está a una elevación más alta. Así que pueden subir al Monte de los Olivos y mirar hacia abajo y ver toda Jerusalén extendida frente a ustedes.

Lo que esto está haciendo es que busca señalar la importancia de esta ciudad. Pero también tiene la intención de contrastar intencionalmente con Zafón, que aparece en el versículo tres. Así que pueden ver su santo monte elevándose espléndidamente, es el gozo de toda la tierra, el monte Sion, la cumbre de Zafón. Ahora, Zafón es una palabra interesante en el hebreo. A veces esto es simplemente una referencia general al norte.

Así que aparece en Isaías capítulo 14. Allí, la mayoría de las personas creen que esto describe la caída de Satanás. Dice: estrella resplandeciente de la mañana, cómo has caído de los cielos. Tú, destructor de las naciones, has sido derribado hasta la tierra. Dijiste para ti mismo: ascenderé a los cielos. Pondré mi trono por encima de las estrellas de Dios. Me sentaré en el monte de la asamblea de los dioses, en las partes más remotas del norte. La palabra traducida como norte allí es Zafón en hebreo.

Ahora, podría simplemente referirse a esta región remota, y pueden ver incluso en el monte de la asamblea de los dioses. Así que la gente cree que este era el lugar donde varias deidades se reunían y se encontraban. Pero esto también podría referirse a un lugar específico llamado Zafón, una montaña específica. Y esa montaña marca la línea divisoria, la separación entre la Tierra Santa y Siria. Así que Zafón, esta cima específica de una montaña, es donde los cananeos creían que vivía Baal, su dios.

Eso significa que, si eso es cierto, entonces este salmista está haciendo intencionalmente un contraste entre el único Dios verdadero y los dioses de todas estas otras naciones. Así que está diciendo que el reinado de Dios es muy superior a todas estas otras naciones competidoras. Si todos estos cananeos quieren ir y enfocarse en la montaña equivocada, pueden hacerlo. Pero el verdadero gobernante está sentado en el monte Sion. Ese es el lugar que es la ciudad del gran Rey.

Ahora, esta gran ciudad no es grande porque sea imponente; no es grande porque sea grande e impresionante, es grande por causa del Dios que está allí. Él es quien finalmente la defiende y la fortalece, lo que significa que todas estas otras naciones que quieren competir con este único Dios verdadero no tienen ninguna oportunidad. Y eso es lo que aparece en el siguiente versículo.

Miren el versículo tres. Perdón, el versículo cuatro dice: “Miren, los reyes, las naciones, se reunieron y avanzaron juntas. Pero cuando se acercaron, dice que miraron y quedaron paralizados de miedo. Huyeron aterrorizados. Solo ver la ciudad fue suficiente para asustar hasta lo más profundo a todos estos otros reyes y hacerlos salir corriendo.” Así que cuando alguien intenta levantarse contra Dios, al final terminará simplemente aterrorizado.

Ahora, un par de notas sobre algo de la terminología que se usa en este Salmo aquí. Pueden ver el versículo seis: “dolor como el de una mujer de parto.” A lo largo de la Biblia, eso se usa a menudo para describir la derrota final de los enemigos de Dios. Es que están en esta inmensa cantidad de dolor que algún día terminará. Y luego, hablando de las naves de Tarsis, la otra ocasión principal en que aparece sería en Jonás. Así que cuando Jonás intenta huir y escapar de Dios, intenta huir a Tarsis.

La mayoría de las personas cree que esto simplemente se refiere a un barco increíblemente bien construido y fuerte, capaz de llevar a las personas a lo que ellos pensaban que eran los confines de la tierra. Pero incluso comparadas con Dios, estas naves fuertes y bien construidas que pueden llevarte tan lejos como quieras ir no son nada. Como si piensan en un viento del este que es capaz de destruir una nave, ese es un viento bastante fuerte.

Ahora, continuando en el texto en el versículo ocho, dice: “Tal como lo hemos oído, así lo hemos visto.” Y creo que el salmista está haciendo una alusión aquí al Salmo 44. Ese Salmo era un clamor a Dios, una queja ante Dios. Dije que era un lamento. Y ese Salmo comienza diciendo: “Dios, hemos oído con nuestros oídos. Nuestros antepasados nos han contado la obra que realizaste en sus días, en los días antiguos.” Pero luego no continúa diciendo: “Ahora mis ojos han visto.”

Así que el Salmo 44, si recuerdan, nos dejó un poco en suspenso. No había resolución, no había claridad sobre lo que Dios iba a hacer y cómo Dios iba a responder. Simplemente termina con el salmista pidiéndole a Dios que venga y redima a su pueblo. Y creo que esa resolución se encuentra aquí en este Salmo. Antes, este pueblo solo había oído acerca de las obras del Señor, pero ahora hemos visto. La gloria de Dios se ha hecho visible para este pueblo.

Y todo esto está ocurriendo en la ciudad del Señor de los ejércitos. Parte de lo que se está señalando aquí con el Señor de los ejércitos es que Dios tiene una multitud de ejércitos detrás de Él, de modo que nadie puede levantarse contra Él, y Dios la establecerá para siempre.

Ahora quiero tomar un minuto para pensar y reflexionar más sobre esta primera frase. Tal como lo hemos oído, así lo hemos visto. Y mi pregunta para ustedes es: ¿dónde han visto a Dios obrando recientemente? Estaba pensando en esto con el viaje en el que estamos ahora mismo. Soy muy bueno para comenzar un viaje orando con mi familia por nuestra seguridad y por paciencia unos con otros durante el viaje. Soy menos bueno para señalar la protección y provisión de Dios cuando llegamos. Porque honestamente, tiendo a simplemente darlo por sentado. Y en parte, simplemente estoy muy cansado al final de un viaje largo en auto.

Pero, ¿también es eso cierto en nuestras iglesias? ¿Simplemente asumimos que las cosas van a salir bien, en lugar de tomar el tiempo para llamar la atención y enfocarnos en las distintas maneras en que Dios está obrando? ¿Qué pasaría si cuando nos reunimos aquí juntos como iglesia hiciéramos algo más intencional que simplemente intercambiar saludos? En lugar de solo decir: “¿Cómo estás?”, ¿qué tal si nos preguntáramos unos a otros: “¿Cómo has visto a Dios obrando esta semana?”

Ahora hemos llegado a otro momento de Selah en el texto aquí. Así que para este, tomen un minuto para orar en silencio y pedirle a Dios que revele las maneras en que lo han visto obrando esta semana, y los animaría a pensar en compartirlas con alguien más antes de irse hoy.

La última sección aquí. Y la última razón que tenemos para adorar es porque Él está presente. Ahora de nuevo, estamos reduciendo lentamente nuestro enfoque cada vez más, comenzando con toda la tierra, enfocándonos en las naciones del mundo y los líderes de esas naciones. Esta última sección llevó nuestra atención a la ciudad de Dios. Y ahora nos acercamos aún más a un solo edificio. Dice: tu templo. El lugar donde el pueblo iba para encontrarse con Dios. Y dentro de ese templo, noten que dice: “Contemplamos tu,” y aquí está de nuevo esa palabra hebrea, “hesed,” tu pacto y amor fiel que guarda su pacto.

Así que, tal como hacemos hoy, nos reunimos aquí para recordar cómo Dios sigue proveyendo para nosotros, su pueblo. Entonces, desde nosotros, la alabanza a Dios se extiende hasta los confines de la tierra. Y la razón por la que hacemos eso es porque Dios está lleno de justicia. Justicia. Ahora mantengan eso presente hasta que lleguemos al final del siguiente versículo.

Y estos pocos versículos restantes nos pueden parecer un poco extraños, porque están describiendo todas estas murallas y cosas de una ciudad antigua. Pero me gusta la manera en que Jim Hamilton resume lo que el salmista está haciendo aquí en su comentario. Jim dice que todo esto, todos estos elementos de la ciudad, declaran que la presencia de Dios hace visible el carácter de Dios al pueblo de Dios.

Así que el punto de esta ciudad es la presencia de Dios; esa es la primera parte. Todo esto declara que la presencia de Dios en la ciudad hace visible el carácter de Dios al pueblo de Dios. Presencia, carácter y pueblo. Él dice que la razón por la que buscamos a Dios obrando es porque cuando lo vemos obrar, veremos su carácter hecho visible para nosotros. Y las obras de Dios en realidad están ocurriendo a nuestro alrededor todo el tiempo. Ya sea que lo admitamos o no, ya sea que lo veamos o no, ya sea que lo reconozcamos o no.

Piensen en lo que vemos en el Salmo 19, versículo uno. Dice: “Los cielos declaran la gloria de Dios.” Así que iglesia, el resto de la creación, toda la creación, está continuamente proclamando alabanzas a Dios. Nosotros somos la única parte de la creación que a menudo voluntariamente se rebela contra la adoración. En lugar de responder a Dios con alabanza y adoración porque Él es digno, tendemos a levantarle el puño.

¿Y ven aquí que no solo se supone que debemos estar mirando dónde Dios está obrando? El final del versículo tres dice: “El monte Sion se alegra; las aldeas de Judá se regocijan” a causa de los juicios de Dios. ¿No es interesante? Ahora, creo que la justicia y los juicios aquí están conectados entre sí, pero la parte de los juicios es algo en lo que no creo que nosotros pensemos a menudo como algo que nos alegre o en lo que nos regocijemos. De hecho, yo diría que la parte de los juicios es un área que tendemos a minimizar o ignorar hoy.

Pero cuando lleguemos al cielo, en realidad alabaremos a Dios por estos juicios porque son rectos y verdaderos. Ahora, hay dos implicaciones de este juicio. La primera es que no necesitamos preocuparnos por intentar vengarnos de alguien cuando nos hace daño, porque podemos confiar en que Dios tiene un juicio bueno y verdadero que viene. Pero en segundo lugar, esto también nos da una solución a todo el mal y el pecado que vemos a nuestro alrededor en el mundo. Desde nuestra perspectiva, puede parecer que el mal está ganando, pero sabemos que el juicio perfecto y la justicia perfecta serán llevados a cabo cuando Jesús finalmente regrese.

Ahora, todas estas cosas que se invita a las personas a mirar aquí. Dice, versículo 12, otro mandato: rodeen Sion, denle la vuelta, cuenten sus torres, observen sus murallas, recorran sus ciudadelas, todas estas diversas cosas que están en esta ciudad. Y sabemos, basados en otros Salmos que hemos leído y estudiado juntos, que todas estas otras cosas en realidad no pueden proteger esta ciudad. La razón por la que se les invita a ir y mirar todas estas cosas es para recordar que su protección principal no viene de edificios. Solo viene por medio de Dios.

Así que la razón por la que esta ciudad es tan impresionante es por el Dios que la bendice. Y esta invitación a ir a verla no es solo para que el pueblo quede impresionado. Es para que puedan ir y hacer algo con ello. Detuve mi lectura justo antes de la segunda mitad del versículo 13 aquí. Dice: hay una razón por la que se supone que deben ir y mirar todas estas cosas alrededor de la ciudad para poder contárselo a una generación futura. Y yo diría que no solo a una generación futura, sino a todas las generaciones futuras.

Y amigos, aquí es donde necesitamos recordar que Dios no tiene nietos. Lo que eso significa es que cada generación necesita ser recordada de las verdades del evangelio. Cada uno de nosotros tiene la responsabilidad de compartir y hablar acerca de dónde vemos a Dios obrando hoy.

D. A. Carson, quien durante varios años sirvió en el seminario de nuestra denominación en Chicago, ha compartido una historia donde dice que el mensaje de la esperanza del evangelio siempre está a solo tres generaciones de desaparecer. Y esto es lo que quiere decir con eso. Él dice que una generación, la primera generación, cree el evangelio y cree que hay ciertas consecuencias o implicaciones de ese evangelio. Así que hay ciertas maneras de vivir que debes buscar si estás creyendo en Jesús. Hay maneras de manejar tus negocios. Hay maneras de relacionarte con el mundo, ese tipo de cosas, implicaciones del evangelio.

La segunda generación asume el evangelio, pero luego se aferra solo a las implicaciones del evangelio. Así que simplemente no miran a Jesús. Se aferran a esas ciertas maneras de vivir. Y luego la tercera y última generación niega el evangelio porque todo lo que conocieron, todo lo que escucharon, y todo lo que estudiaron fueron las implicaciones. Las implicaciones o consecuencias del evangelio se convirtieron en todo. Y amigos, he visto esto en mis conversaciones con personas, personas que han dejado la iglesia porque en realidad no conocían al Dios detrás de las maneras en que se supone que debemos vivir.

Y aquí es donde volvemos a esta tensión entre la inmanencia y la trascendencia de Dios, y necesitamos ambas. Miren, adoramos a Dios porque Él es mucho más grande y está más allá de nosotros. Pero eso realmente no hace mucho para avivar nuestros corazones y afectos para llegar a ser más como Él o emocionarnos por compartir lo que Dios ha hecho con otros, tanto cristianos como no cristianos. Y recuerden, vimos eso la semana pasada. Es el mismo mensaje que tenemos que predicar, pero para los que están en Cristo, es un ánimo. Para los que no están en Cristo, es una reprensión.

Necesitamos este recordatorio de que Dios está más allá de nosotros para ayudarnos a entender nuestro lugar en la creación. Pero también necesitamos el recordatorio de que Dios está cerca de nosotros, para recordar que podemos clamar a Él con cada una de las necesidades de nuestra vida.

En mi estudio de esta semana, me encontré con esta cita de Charles Spurgeon, un pastor británico que sirvió en Londres en el siglo XIX. Él dijo: “Puedo admirar el lenguaje solemne y majestuoso de la adoración que reconoce la grandeza de Dios, pero no calentará mi corazón ni expresará mi alma hasta que también haya mezclado con ello la gozosa cercanía de ese amor perfecto que echa fuera el temor y se atreve a hablar con nuestro Padre en el cielo como un niño habla con su padre en la tierra. Hermano mío, ya no queda velo.”

La última frase allí, ya no queda velo, es una manera de decir que ya no hay ninguna separación entre nosotros y Dios. Si hemos sido salvos, ahora somos la ciudad de Dios. Dios vive en nosotros y con nosotros y nos da oportunidades para verlo y alabarlo por lo que Él ha hecho en y a través de nosotros. Y amigos, nuestra respuesta a lo que hemos visto aquí debe ser una adoración entusiasta.

Hemos visto varios mandatos a lo largo de este Salmo para nosotros. Hemos visto aplaudir y gritar y cantar y contemplar y alabar y hablar estas realidades a las generaciones futuras. Así que trabajemos hacia ese fin, alabando a Dios con todo lo que somos y con todo lo que tenemos.

¿Podrían orar conmigo, por favor? Dios, te doy gracias porque no solo podemos adorarte. Podemos adorarte en espíritu y en verdad, como leemos en Juan 4. Podemos adorarte a ti, quien ha entrado detrás del velo y nos ha llevado contigo como un ancla firme y segura para nuestras almas. No solo has provisto un camino para que podamos adorarte, sino que también nos has dicho cómo debemos adorarte.

Así que Dios, donde nos quedamos cortos, por favor convéncenos. Ayúdanos a crecer en nuestra respuesta de usar todo lo que somos y todo lo que tenemos como una manera de responderte a ti como el único verdadero, bueno, bondadoso y misericordioso Padre. Dios, te doy gracias por la realidad de que podemos llamarte nuestro Padre. Que podemos venir ante ti como hijos que han sido adoptados en tu reino.

Así que te damos gracias porque eres un Dios que está por encima de nuestra comprensión y al mismo tiempo vienes y vives y habitas entre nosotros aquí como tu pueblo. Dios, que trabajemos y crezcamos en nuestra respuesta de adoración a ti por causa de todas las maneras en que sigues obrando en nosotros. Que seamos rápidos para testificar y compartir y dar testimonio de todas las maneras en que obras entre nosotros como tu pueblo, para que seas honrado y glorificado en nosotros y a través de nosotros, y para que otros nos miren a nosotros y vean una luz brillando en la oscuridad. Oramos todo esto por tu causa y por tu nombre. Amén.

Vamos a responder juntos celebrando la comunión. Así que unas notas sobre la comunión. Primero, la comunión es solo para creyentes. Así que si todavía no eres creyente, te animo a no participar en este momento. Pero toma este tiempo para mirar alrededor y ver algunas de las maneras en que Dios puede estar obrando a tu alrededor ahora mismo.

El otro recordatorio para nosotros es recordar considerar el cuerpo. Esto está destinado a ser algo que une nuestros corazones unos con otros, así como nuestros corazones con Dios. Así que las instrucciones breves son que bajen por los pasillos laterales, tomen los elementos y luego regresen a sus asientos subiendo por el centro o por los extremos de afuera. También habrá una persona caminando con una bandeja móvil para cualquiera que tenga problemas de movilidad. Así que mientras cantamos, siéntanse libres de hacerle una seña durante estas últimas canciones.

Y luego, si toman la última copita de jugo, por favor recojan esa bandeja vacía y colóquenla junto al resto de los platos en el carrito. Así que, ¿podrían ponerse de pie mientras cantamos juntos y recordamos que el Señor es quien los invita a venir y participar en esta mesa.

Psalm 46 – Sermon Manuscript

-I got a text from Micah this morning who was sitting at the airport ready to fly to Mexico for the week with Elizabeth. I love flying, but not as much as my wife does. Every time we’re near the airport she gets the travel bug to go visit a new place. I know not all of you feel the same way she does! And if you stop and think about what you’re doing it makes sense to fear it! You’re strapping yourself in to an uncomfortable seat that’s connected to a metal tube that is about to take you 6 miles above the earth (which is where we were made to live), move at something like 500 mph, and you’re just stuck sitting there. You have zero control over where you’re going, and if you’re lucky every so often the pilot will get on and tell you what’s going on, otherwise you’re just at their mercy. For some of you, planes are a place of excitement and fun, for others planes are on object of pure terror! And that’s a glimpse of what we see in today’s Psalm. Psalm 46 focuses on God being our refuge and strength, but that same refuge can be a source of terror and dread to someone who isn’t following after God.

READ/PRAY (pg. 496)

God Is Our Refuge In: 

-This Psalm begins with this reminder that God is our refuge and strength, full stop. That means that whatever comes after this sentence is dependent on that reality. A few weeks ago, we looked at Psalm 42 and saw the need to preach to ourselves instead of just listening to yourself. This is the next step in that process, the preaching needs to begin with the reminder of who God is. And in this passage: if this is really true, that God is our refuge and strength, then we don’t need to be afraid of anything else, which is the point of this Psalm. This Psalm has 2 purposes: to call out those who aren’t following after God, and to encourage those who are following after God. And that’s at the heart of God’s message; it’s the same message for both people. This message that encourages those who are His condemns those who are against Him, there’s no 3rd way. 

-This God who is our refuge and strength is also a helper. Now that seems like a weird turn. How is God a helper? As it goes on to say an “ever-present help in times of trouble” is how I learned it growing up. It begins with the reality that He created us which means we are completely dependent on Him, so in that sense He helps our beginning. But the Bible also tells us that He didn’t create and then peace out, it goes on to tell us that He continues sustaining the world. The fact that we have oxygen in our lungs is his gift to us. Now, I know how the cycle works, we exhale CO2 which trees and plants need and then release oxygen into the air, but who’s the one who designed and continues perpetuating that cycle? God is! A professor I had in seminary onetime said we should never say that anything is “God-forsaken” because we couldn’t begin to imagine the terrors that would come if that were true. Not only does He sustain us, but He also relates to us and sympathizes with us. He is on our side and supports us in our daily lives.

-A clear place we see that is the verse that was the inspiration for Dane Ortlund’s book Gentle and Lowly that came out a few years ago. Dane points out in his book that the 1 place in the Bible where Jesus describes His deepest desire towards us is in Matt. 11. If you haven’t read the book yet, and you’re feeling a level of angst of struggle, grab it from the library or talk to me, I have extra copies! 

-Look at Jesus’s description of His heart toward those who are following after Him: lowly and humble is the deepest feeling towards us (different translations change it to lowly and gentle). And would you want His heart toward you to be any different? That’s the reason He is our refuge, that’s the reason He is our help, that’s the reason we can find our rest in Him! I was listening to a podcast this week about the need for us to just go outside because doing things like looking at birds and trees calms us, while staring at a phone literally makes us anxious! Kids – that’s one of the reasons your parents don’t let you play with phones all day every day! It’s not good for you as a person.

  1. Destruction (1-3)

-The rest of this section talks about the destruction of the world. And because verse 1 is true, We don’t need to be afraid when the earth collapses around us. This is more than just a localized thing, he’s using apocalyptic language, like a de-creation of the world, similar to what we read in Rev. or Ezek. He begins focusing on the things that feel immovable and steadfast: the earth and the mountains, those are hard things! Can any of you move the earth? Or even a mountain? Like I’ve got some yard projects I need to do at my house that involve moving some dirt, and I keep putting it off because I don’t want to move a little pile of dirt. That’s nothing compared to a mountain! 

-Then it shifts to the seas, which are roaring and foaming. When I think of the sea, I think peace and tranquility. I LOVE the beach! But waters often in the OT are a source of anxiety. Think of the huge waves, storms regularly coming through, the fact that it looks unending (Cara’s fear on the cruise)

-All these things are what we today call “natural events.” Storms roll through, tornado sirens go off in the summer, hail is inevitable, but all of us have something we’re afraid of. What “natural events” are you most afraid of? The weekend Cara and I started dating I found out my future SIL was terrified of tornadoes from growing up in Arkansas, I grew up with them being an inconvenience watching my grandpa go outside to look at them. Maybe you fear another virus, I keep reading about a new norovirus making its rounds on cruise ships (another reason for Cara to avoid them!) We all have areas in the world where we struggle to trust God, but His invitation here is to remember that He is our refuge and strength:

Selah

  • Wars (4-7)

-Contrast the water here with the water in the previous verse. And I hope by now you’re starting to catch the allusions to Psalm 1, where the blessed person is the one who is planted by streams of water. Water can either be lifegiving (like after you’ve mowed the lawn when it’s 100 outside with 100% humidity), or water can be unbelievably destructive like a hurricane. And God rules over them all. Here we see the way God uses water to bring life and flourishing to his people.

-City of God is a reference to Jerusalem, so here’s where this is kind of weird. There is not a river, nor has there ever been a river running through that city, but do you know what we see in Rev.? A river flowing through the New Jerusalem from God, giving life to the nations. So I think we’re actually seeing a glimpse here of the new heavenly realities because of what Jesus has done.

-But the most important fact about this city isn’t the river, it’s the third line: this is the place where God lives. That’s been the goal since creation, for God to live with His people. Since Gen. 3, that’s been impossible because holiness can’t co-exist with sin, but this has been God’s plan forever: to have a people living with Him.

Heb. 12 picks up this idea, comparing our experience today to the Israelites who were so scared of the mountain when God met with Moses that they wouldn’t come near it. 

-Unlike them, we have come to a new mountain. And I think it’s worth asking for us today, where do we see the city of the living God? In the church. God lives and dwells among us through His Spirit today. And what that means is that because God lives and dwells in us today, we won’t be toppled, nothing can stand against the church, and that’s played itself out in history time and time again. Each time the church faces a threat in one place and begins to shrink, it flourishes somewhere else. I’ve been reading reports about the church growing like crazy in Iran, despite regular persecution and death. But that’s only true of the city of God

-While the city of God is stable, vs. describes the city of man which can’t stop fighting. Nations rage, I think referring to Psalm 2 where the Psalmist asks why the nations rage against the Lord? In this case, it’s because God is reigning. All God has to do is speak and nations will fall. 

-And I think it’s appropriate for us to think about this today, as we clean up firework remnants from our yards and streets. I feel blessed to have been born here, I’m thankful for the freedoms we have, and the prosperity that allowed my great-grandparents to immigrate here over a century ago, but let’s not pretend or assume that this nation will last forever. Give thanks, appreciate, be the best citizen you can, not for the sake of the US, but for the sake of Jesus. But don’t put your hope on this nation! We see in this Psalm that all it takes is a word from the Lord and even this nation will crumble.

-I was listening to a podcast interview this week because one of the speakers just released a new book with reflections from Jer. 29 (not the verse everyone knows about God’s plan to prosper us, these are a few verses earlier). This is one of my favorite verses in the OT, so this really stuck out to me when someone else focuses on it. Now, this is in the old covenant, so we can’t do a 1 for 1 applying this to ourselves, but Peter calls us exiles and part of those who are dispersed around the world instead of gathered together in 1 place, and I think the call for us today is actually very similar. And do you see how ordinary this call is? It’s a normal life of working, of providing for your family, of taking care of your little plot of land, and helping your kids become adults. Friends, what if God’s call is simply faithful presence in the world? Jesus tells us that we will have suffering and difficulty in the world, but we’re supposed to be encouraged and take heart because He has overcome the world.

-I read a book earlier this summer that was talking about what we as Christians and the church should be pursuing, and the author took his whole argument and summarized it in the title: pilgrims and priests. Believe it or not, the entire world will never be Christians. We’re told that we’ll always have some dealings with “the world” which means maybe we’re not supposed to try to take over the whole world. Additionally, maybe we’re not supposed to try being culture warriors or try to become “famous,” maybe our job is to be faithful pilgrims who are working to sanctify (make holy) our little corner of the world. Maybe that’s how we shine as lights in the world, (which assumes there’s always going to be darkness!) Now, we don’t want or pray that people will remain alienated from God, in fact we regularly ask God to work and move in and through us, but we need to understand what our job is vs. God’s job. We live as faithful followers of Him, we take responsibility for our little “garden” (whether you actually grow food or not), and pursue the well-being of the place where God plants us.

-One of my concerns in the church in America is that we have whole “ministries” and “churches” who stoke fear and division in the church, who try to get people worked up about how the world is falling apart. That shouldn’t surprise us! That should never catch us off guard! We see here that the nations are going to rage and kingdoms are going to topple, so even when that happens, we don’t live in fear, we walk by faith and trust in the Lord who protects and preserves us. One of the most common commands throughout the Bible is “fear not,” so let’s not be afraid, that’s the main point this Psalm is giving us! 

-This idea that we’re supposed to shine as lights comes from Matt. 5. Here’s how Jesus describes His followers:

-That means we have to live holy lives. How are you doing at that? When people look at you, do they see God represented? What’s interesting about this light shining before others is just as we’ve seen, God’s Word can create or destroy. Our holy living is meant to either draw people in or condemn them for their unholy living. The last verse in Matt. 5 says they will give glory, but it doesn’t say that will be willingly, some will give glory because they’re forced to. So church, are you faithfully living and shining as a light in the darkness? That’s God’s invitation through this Psalm, and it’s only possible because of vs. 7

-Why can we live this way and not be afraid? The Lord of Armies is with us as a stronghold. Maybe a better word for you to get what is saying here is a “safe room,” a place where even if a tornado knocks down your house, you’ll be just fine. 

Selah – think about garden God has called you to cultivate.

  • Worship (8-11)

-This section begins with an invitation to come and see the work God does, the God who can bring devastation, but also brings life because the church is God’s chosen means of work today. Friends, coming in here is where people should be able to see God at work in you and in me! We should be looking for God at work here and inviting other people to join us and see God’s work being made visible. This means we’re supposed to be witnesses, sharing how we’re becoming more like Jesus, sharing the ways God continues providing for us, and living a happy (blessed) life that is faithfully ministering and serving the place God has called us.

-That’s the direction for the church, but we also get the negative side of it for those not in the church: devastation. We saw the description of that previously. At some point, the sin of this world will be destroyed. He will put an end to all wars and fighting, but it comes by one final act of devastation. Kidner: “Although the outcome is peace, the process is judgment.”

-The word translated “makes cease” is where we get the word “sabbath” from, which is much more than the absence of war or conflict, it’s everything being as God intended it to be (which does include no more fighting).

-Verse 10 has been translated differently in many older Bible translations, you may have it memorized as “Be still, and know that I am God,” but this is a better translation in the context. It’s actually not meant to be a verse that is comforting, it’s meant to be a rebuke to those who are fighting. The “be still” that you’ve heard before could also be translated as “leave off!” or just “stop!” 

-God is going to be exalted whether people acknowledge Him or not! Even those who hated Him in this life will be forced to exalt Him in the next, so here we see that while war will someday come to an end, worship won’t. God will be worshipped, either willingly or by force.  

-The last verse in this Psalm repeats what we saw in vs. 7 with the focus being God living with us, which we see happening explicitly in Jesus when we turn to the first page of the NT, Matt. 1:23, quoting Isa. 7:14, God’s plan to bring an end to the wars and fighting of the world is by entering the world as a baby. One of the ways God has predominantly worked in history is by inverting the normal ordering of the world. There’s a reason Darwinian theory argued for “survival of the fittest,” if you look at the world that’s a pretty good description of what happens! The biggest, most aggressive, most powerful seems to be the one that always wins. 

-And in that world where that’s generally true, Jesus offers something completely different where He came into the world as a baby, completely reliant on His mother’s care. He is the God who takes the weak of the world to shame the strong. In God’s kingdom, you can’t get in by your intellect, your gifting, or your strength, in fact Jesus says in order to get in you need to become like a child. And children in the 1st century weren’t viewed the same way we look at them today. For us, kids are cute, they’re a gift, but that’s the opposite of the way the world at the time of Jesus viewed them. Here’s the way historian Tom Holland in his book Dominion says it: 

-Friends, Jesus’s arrival means that the entire world order has been flipped upside down, but that really means it’s been turned right-side up again, it’s back to the way God originally intended it to be, but it came with a cost. The destruction that God talked about here was laid on the back of Jesus. That act of love for us was an act of war in the spiritual realm where the pain, suffering, and sin of the world brought destruction to the Son of God so that we could stop fighting and know that He is God. This God who invites you and me to gather together each week to cease from our working and striving and chasing after the things of the world to see the works of the Lord. The Lord who brings us together who unites our hearts to His and to each other, and who works in our lives to make us more like Him. He invites us to live as faithful exiles who aren’t out to change the world but are living careful and intentional lives of love and service of God and others. And while it doesn’t look impressive to the world, it’s the way God has chosen to transform the entire world, taking the small and weak and destroying the big and strong.

Psalm 45 – Sermon Manuscript

-I’ve got some special pictures to share with you today of one of the best days of my life. 11 years ago, on June 5, 2015, Cara and I got married. Now, I know what you’re thinking, we haven’t aged a day! We had a wonderful time that day – our friends and family all joined us in Cheyenne, WY where we had met and where I was serving as a pastor. My dad did the ceremony, Cara’s dad was the first person to pray for us as a married couple, and yes, it was just as special as the pictures made it look. We had fun taking our pictures together, and believe it or not this is exactly what I wore on my wedding day! One of the funniest moments in my ministry was when someone was talking to me about the clothes I wore to church (which hasn’t really changed much since I got into ministry). At one moment in the conversation, the person said, “would you wear those clothes to your wedding?” And I said: absolutely! The last picture I’ll share with you for this morning is this one. We got married in custom Chuck Taylors with our name on it!  

-That was an incredibly fun day! But what these pictures don’t show is the fun dates we had leading up to it, the conversations, the laughs, even the fights. Honestly, the best part of the day was us getting up early, getting Starbucks, meeting at a park and going on a walk together. No one else was around, our friends were still sleeping, and we got to chat before all the busyness descended on us. And that day began the journey that you all have been a part of for over half our married lives now! But the marriage started on that day. We saved and planned and strategized for months for it! But if there hadn’t been the work leading up to it, it wouldn’t have been the enjoyable day it was.

-Today’s Psalm is a royal wedding Psalm, and I’ll warn you, at first glance you’re going to question what to do with it! But it’s in the Bible, it’s there for a reason, it’s God’s Word, and it has some incredible implications for us today.

READ/PRAY (pg. 496)

-This is a weird Psalm for us today, I’ll just be honest. I shared with a number of people as I was starting to dig into it that I wasn’t sure what in the world to do with it! And this is one of those places where our world today is SO different from the world 3,000 years ago. What this Psalm was used for was for a royal wedding, where the king was marrying his queen. 

-Now, we’re good Americans, so that’s part of where we struggle to understand this. Our general assumption is that the world is and should be a meritocracy instead of a monarchy. At least until there’s a royal wedding in England, and then it’s all over the news. My sisters were OBSESSED with the last royal wedding. They got up early to watch it, bought books about it, and I laughed at them (meanwhile, on my honeymoon, I made Cara adjust our entire schedule so I could watch the NBA Finals, we all have our priorities, right?)

-Intro labels this a love song, only Psalm that has that label with it! Now I don’t know about you, but when I think of a love song I don’t think about the Psalms, I start thinking about Michael Buble or Bruno Mars, but God is the one who authors every love story!

  1. The King (1-9)

-The first verse is an introduction or note from the person writing the Psalm. Think of it as the master of ceremonies, introducing this special day. His comments begin similarly to what we saw last week, he’s fixated on (lit.) a “good word.” And what do you think that good word is? God’s Word! He’s saying he’s spent time reading, reflecting, and meditating on God’s Word. This is the place all of us should start! We look to God’s Word as our authority, as our grounding, as our inspiration for how we live and interpret the world around us, including in a marriage relationship. 

-That means that the writer is reflecting on God’s Word as he writes these new words. This is where we see that the Bible authors so often are thinking back to and meditating on the Bible as their inspiration and encouragement even as they write new biblical words, which is why it’s so important for us to know the Bible! We need to be able to use the Bible to interpret events in our lives today, and so that we can faithfully interpret the text itself because it builds on itself.

-Not only is he reflecting on God’s Word as a whole, these are also his gifts, so he’s being faithful to what God had commissioned him to do (think back a few weeks to when we talked about the sons of Korah being gifted by God to lead the music at the tabernacle). Each one of us is given a gift from God to be used to be a blessing to others and to be obedient to Him: are you using that gift?

-The focus of the rest of this section is on the king himself, and there’s some wording that might mean this is referencing David. For example, this first line echoes the first description of David when he was anointed in 1 Sam. 16. Second line seems to allude to another description David uses of himself in his last address in 2 Sam. 23, and the third line seems to allude to God’s covenant with David in 2 Sam 7. So even if David didn’t write it, there are enough references or allusions that make it a fair bet that it’s referring to a wedding of David.

-Then it moves to some of David’s characteristics as a king:

-He’s supposed to ride triumphantly for a purpose: truth humility, and justice. These are meant to be descriptions of a faithful king, his rule and reign is marked by these attributes. Can you imagine living under a government where everywhere it touched these attributes became more prevalent? Instead, don’t we often see governments working to conceal, build pride, and enact injustice towards their enemies? And for us today, the place where we should look for these attributes is in the church. The church is the place where God is currently ruling, which means this should be reflective of His rule and reign and should expand the cause of truth, humility, and justice.

-Not only does his rule give life, it’s also effective in conquering his enemies. He’s faithful at both protecting those under his care and defending against those who would do harm to his people.

-Turns to God in vs. 6 because the king of God’s people is meant to serve as God’s representative on earth. You’ve heard me say before that as the leader goes, so goes the nation. The king is meant to serve as a model of God to the people, and at the same time represent the people before God, so as the people say “long live the king” it’s the same thing as giving praise and honor to God. 

-Once again, the theme of justice is attached to God’s kingdom, where God rules, true and lasting justice will take place. And just as a reminder, it’s not justice in the way it often gets thrown around on social media today, it’s justice as God defines it, living according to the ways God has called us to live. 

-Vs. 7 expands on the implication of God’s reign: loving righteousness and hating wickedness. That’s a great description of a good government, isn’t it? I think this idea is repeated in 1 Peter 2, even as Peter is writing in a completely different context, where the government at his time was the Romans, who didn’t follow God and didn’t always enact true justice. Nevertheless, Peter says we’re to submit to every human authority. And look at who he includes: emperor or governors. Our role today is faithful presence, working to support the government in areas where righteousness is being supported, and push back where wickedness is being supported.

-Because David’s reign is a faithful reflection of God, God has poured out His blessings on David. As a reminder of his wedding day, he’s cloaked in fragrant and expensive spices, like wearing his favorite and most expensive cologne. 

-He’s also coming from ivory palaces. If you don’t know what ivory is made of, it’s animal teeth or tusks, and it’s priceless! This is a way of signifying the immense wealth of King David.

-And everyone is there to celebrate: other king’s daughters, the queen is there is her finest jewelry, you can see how this wedding day is a day to remember!

  • The Queen (10-15)

-Up next, we have the future queen. The first picture of a marriage we see in the Bible is in Genesis, and there we see it from the man’s perspective, the leave and cleave part of marriage. In this Psalm, we see it from the women’s perspective, she’s to forget her family for the sake of this new relationship. Marriage requires both of you (as the vows say) “forsaking all others” for the sake of each other. 

-vs. 11 is interesting, look at how the KJV translated it. This is quite the exhortation, isn’t it? Now, the Bible is timeless in that it’s God’s Word for all peoples and all time, but it was also written in a specific cultural context, and this is a reminder for us that maybe all our cultural ideas aren’t the biblical ideal. We have a tendency to read the Bible through our cultural ideas instead of taking the time to dig into the culture this was written in. We have a more egalitarian culture today, which isn’t necessarily a bad thing, it’s just something we need to be aware of when we approach the Bible. There’s only so much we can do to step outside of our cultural perspective, so just be aware of it as we approach this holy text. As each person approaches this marriage, there are different roles and responsibilities that they need to live out. The reality is men cannot bear or feed babies, I am physically incapable of that, that means there are distinct calls for men and women to live out to have a healthy marriage. Many of those are culturally conditioned, like there’s no verse that says women need to cook or men need to work outside the home, it takes both husbands and wives working hard for the sake of the other and their family for them to thrive. 

-Because of her new position and relationship with the King, she’ll get recognition and affirmation from the wealthy.

-And then we get another glimpse of the preparation for the wedding ceremony (yet another cultural difference, do you find it interesting that the men wear the spices, but the woman doesn’t?) Her clothing is crafted using the most expensive threads, her bridal court is coming with her in rejoicing and anticipation, and we assume that the wedding ceremony goes off without a hitch, otherwise the next section wouldn’t be in there!

  • The Children (16-17)

-One of the prayers for a new marriage is that they produce children. That’s been the means God has chosen for the expansion of humanity, and in this time period, children were viewed as a sign of God’s blessing on the family, so the prayer was that the king and queen would produce children which would continue to familial reign and blessing from God.

-This song is reminding the people that their prayer is for this family to continue. David’s lineage has been promised to remain on the throne forever as a sign of God’s blessing, which means David’s sons should serve as princes, so they’ll be ready to step into a kingly role.

-Because of the children serving in these roles, David’s name and lineage will be remembered forever, and as God’s representative on earth, the people will praise him. But the sad story of the Bible is that this doesn’t happen in a straight line, and only 2 generations after David’s rule, the nation splits into 2 until they were both defeated and taken into exile (which we studied this Spring when we looked at the minor prophets).

-Part of the reason we continue talking about David today is because of great King David’s greater son.

-As I mentioned at the beginning, I cringed when I first read through this Psalm this week! Not only is it focused on a wedding, it’s also family Sunday today! I also mentioned at the beginning of this series that we need to read the Psalms as focused on Jesus, but I was starting to question that when I read this! So how does this Psalm point us to Jesus? What does marriage have to do with Jesus’s work in the world?

  • The King of Kings (Heb. 1:8-9; Eph. 5:32)

-Just like many of the Psalms, this is quoted in the NT, specifically in Heb. 1. The focus of the whole book of Hebrews is to talk about how Jesus is better than any and everything else. 

-The book starts with the comparison of how God has spoken. He previously spoke by the prophets, but recently He’s spoken by His Son, and after His work He sat down next to the Father, which means Jesus is superior to the angels. 

-Then he compares Jesus to the angels through a wide variety of OT passages to demonstrate exactly how Jesus is better, he quotes from Psalm 104 to talk about angels, and then goes to quote from Psalm 45 in vs. 8-9 (just so you understand what you’re seeing in the Bible, it puts OT quotations in bold) which tells us that even in this royal wedding Psalm, it’s giving us a picture of Jesus. 

-Now, Jesus was never married. He died a single man, which should tell us that marriage doesn’t define a person, but we also know that Jesus is betrothed to a bride called the church, based on what Paul says about marriage in Eph. 5. This doesn’t take away from the original meaning of this text, but we see it today from a slightly different perspective than the first readers because there are 2 authors to each biblical text: human and divine (God), so while the human author can be thinking about 1 thing (in this case, king David and his marriage) God knows that it’s being set up for something even bigger and better than just David!

-Paul tells us the whole purpose of marriage is to be a picture to us of Jesus’s relationship to the church (the opposite isn’t true, we can’t project human marriage onto Jesus & the church). Just as Jesus loved the church and sacrificed Himself for His bride, husbands are commanded to lay down their lives for the sake of their wives. That’s how we live out Jesus’ reign today, His reign that brings about truth, humility, and justice, and it requires all of us individually and collectively living in that reality, married and single. Because even if you’re here and you’re not married, you are showing the reality of life in between Jesus’s 2 comings. You’re betrothed to a King who loves you and has been preparing for your eventual wedding. Rev. 19:7-8 tells us the story of that day: So here we get the full picture: Jesus is waiting for us as His bride, and our job is to ensure we’re dressing ourselves in the right clothes: our righteous acts.

Psalm 44 – Sermon Manuscript

-If someone asks you the question: how are you? What’s the correct response? Isn’t it generally “I’m good, how are you?” It’s supposed to be an “as you’re passing” comment, right? But every once in a while, someone says something that catches you off guard and changes the trajectory of the conversation, so then you realize you need to stop moving and engage a little further.

-Or if that’s never happened to you, you know the difference between a conversation and a real conversation? You’re spending time with some friends, and then someone says something that takes everything to a whole different level, like this just got REAL! That’s a picture of what happens in this Psalm. The first section the Psalmist goes along like many previous Psalms praising God for the ways He’s worked in history, but then in vs. 9 things get REAL.

-What we’ll see in today’s Psalm is how God’s past work can lead to present hope in the midst of difficulty. And if you were here last week, this probably sounds really similar to Psalm 42-43 which we looked at last week! This is a similar reminder of God’s provision towards us today, and I really think these Psalms are timely for us because many people are asking about the goodness of God today, which is a shift from the training I got in church when I was growing up! Most of the defenses of Christianity I had growing up focused on the truth of our faith, and we need to understand the truthfulness of it, but friends, Christianity is also good and beautiful, and I think we need to grow in our ability to defend the goodness and beauty of Christianity, and that starts with us living out the faith we proclaim, and following the ways of living that we find in a place like the Psalms. 

-Let’s read it, and then as we work our way through it, I’ll show you what I mean, and to help us orient what we’re going to see in this Psalm, many of the commentators I read connected this to the book of Job. If you don’t know that book, it tells the story of a man named Job, and the Bible says he was a man of complete integrity who feared God and turned away from evil. God allows Satan to tempt Job by taking away his riches, killing his children, and then bringing a painful skin disease on Job. Job’s friends are convinced he had sinned against God, but Job constantly defends his innocence, and at the end of the book God talks to Job and asks him where he was when the world was created, if he can take the wild animals, if he can control the weather. And after getting the scolding of a lifetime from God, look at how Job responds: 

-That last verse is where I took the title of this sermon from: my ears had heard these things about God, but then Job got to experience and see the realities that God is God and he is not. But what if Job’s story didn’t end with an encounter with God? What if his comment stopped at “I had heard reports about you” but he didn’t get an answer to his prayers? That’s what we’re going to discover today.

READ/PRAY (pg. 495)

  1. God’s Past Deliverance (1-8)

-The first thing the Psalmist does is bring to mind the ways God had provided for His people in the past, and that tells us that his ancestors have been the faithful ones who were obedient to God’s commands to teach and train their children. This is one of the joys we have of telling our stories to our kids. So with just this first verse, we’re already at a point for us to consider in our own lives.

-Do you share with your kids/grandkids/friends the ways God has worked in your lives? This verse assumes that people will be sharing with others how God takes care of them, and we so often neglect to share or dismiss God’s provision in our lives because we’re too busy comparing ourselves to other people. God doesn’t just work in our lives for us to enjoy his benefits, He works in our lives so that we can be an encouragement to others to remind them of how God has provided for us. When I was growing up my dad always called them “bricks in your foundation.” Friends, our faith isn’t a blind trust, it’s based on previous experience and precedent that God has been faithful in the past, which means we can trust Him to be faithful in the present, and will continue being faithful to us into the future. We aren’t asked to trust things without any evidence.

-When I lived in WY, we’d have Mormons stop by the house I lived in on a regular basis, partly because we had students from a local Bible school crash at our house in the afternoon and they’d debate the Mormons every time they stopped by. They stopped by once when they weren’t around and I got stuck talking to them and they asked me if I’d ever read the Book of Mormon (which I have read excerpts of) and they asked me what I thought of it, I said I thought it was a waste of time because there was no historical evidence to the claims in the book, and I was told (and I quote) “there are evidences, but that’s not the point of the book.” So I obviously took the bait and asked what the point was and I was told: “to affirm your faith.” If the only purpose of a sacred text is to give good “vibes” then don’t trust that book! Part of the reason we need to share our faith is because there are people like Mormons who will share about their vibes!

-And look at the things God had done for their ancestors before: God removed one group of people so that they could walk into the land, and they knew this was God’s work and not anything they did, it was all because of God’s blessing being on this people. And it wasn’t just for their ancestors, do you notice the change of tenses of the verbs starting in vs. 4, it goes from past tense to present tense. God had proven Himself previously, and for the people today. 

-God led them to victories over their enemies, they know that apart from God’s mighty hand all their weapons would be useless. So because of God’s past deliverance, and protection of His people today, they respond with vs. 8. As I said previously, God doesn’t ask us to have blind faith, God invites us to remember how He has worked in our lives to draw us to Himself and because of God’s previous faithfulness we can trust that He’ll do the same thing in the future, and if you haven’t been a Christian for very long, that’s why God calls you into a community of people who can share how God has worked in their lives!

-We’re now at a word that is repeated regularly throughout the Psalms, so it’s time for my annual Babylon Bee joke. And the reason it’s so funny is because it’s probably not that far from the truth! Most scholars believe this is a note for an extended instrumental where the readers (or singers) are supposed to pause and reflect on what they’d just proclaimed together. So when we come to it in this series, we take a minute to intentionally pause and reflect on what we just studied. I’ll watch the clock so you don’t need to, but take a minute to reflect on your story of God’s provision in your life, and thank Him for it!

  • God’s Present Desertion (9-16)

-If this Psalm just stopped after verse 8, it would be an incredibly positive thing, right? The Psalmist has just said that we boast in God all day long and will praise His name forever, but then he goes on to say that God has responded by rejecting and humiliating them. So the people are being faithful, and God is being unfaithful. Now I don’t know about you, but this reads like many of the stories I read of accusations against God today, generally said something like: how could a loving God send anyone to hell? Or how is it fair that God would be so exclusive? And that tension point is what we’re going to be sitting in for the rest of this Psalm.

-A couple weeks ago, I shared about an interview I listened to with Oxford mathematician John Lennox, but I read another interview with him this past week (he just released an autobiography, so he’s making the interview rounds right now). John was notorious for debating the guys who were referred to as “the new atheists,” guys you may have heard of like Richard Dawkins and Christopher Hitchens (they had their moment and now it’s seen as kind of passed, especially when Richard Dawkins has started calling himself a cultural Christian). One of the questions Lennox was asked was the biggest challenge for Christians today, and he talks about what we see in this Psalm:

-I think he’s onto something, don’t you? The biggest issues we have to face as Christians today are related to pain and suffering, and I think that’s true. But another piece we have to remember is another thing Lennox says here, that those questions aren’t just a problem for Christians, it’s a problem that you have to do something with, and I fully believe that Christianity provides the best answer to this question and problem. That doesn’t fix all the issues in the world, but it gives us a different perspective to those problems, and that’s why we need a Psalm like this that helps us know how to voice our complaints with God, so if you are feeling abandoned from God and feel like you have no purpose to your life, just wait, because we’ll see some resolution in here.

-Look at all the ways this Psalmist is saying they have been rejected. In their wars, they’re the ones running in retreat, they’re being plundered, they’re being scattered among the nations, their neighbors mock and laugh at them and their enemies are heaping on the abuse. They’re the butt of every joke, they’re defeated in every battle, and the worst of all is that it doesn’t seem like God even cares. 

-Now, I’ve been made fun of for my faith before, I’ve been made fun of for being a pastor before, but I’ve never faced this level of suffering because of my faith where I wondered if even God had given up on me. And this is for someone who says that he is following after God! If this is how someone who follows God is treated, what hope is there for the rest of the world? Is God really good in a world where it looks like the enemies and evil wins? I feel like a great modern-day example of this is with technology, like one of original mottos of Facebook was “move fast and break things.” At least Google used to pretend to care about people, back when their motto was “do no evil,” but don’t worry, that’s no longer one of their mottos either! And both of these companies have gotten into AI, and the whole AI model seems to be: these programs are so smart it’s terrifying, so we need the government to make laws about it, but since you’re not making any laws, we’re just going to continue making them better and better, and those companies are making billions of dollars for their founders! We see evil prospering all around us today, don’t we? So how should we respond? Let’s keep looking at this Psalm:

  • God’s Future Rescue (17-26) 

-We’ve seen one way we respond in the beginning of this Psalm, we intentionally remember God’s work in the past, but then the Psalmist goes on to demonstrate another aspect that God calls us to live out: being faithful in the present so that we can trust in God’s future rescue. Look at how this Psalmist continues here and pay careful attention to all the pronouns in this section!

-All these things happened to them, all the things that we read about in the previous section, BUT what did he do? They remembered God, they faithfully obeyed His covenant, their hearts didn’t turn back, their steps faithfully followed the ways God has commanded them to live, BUT God has crushed them. In most of the Psalms, the opposite is true: God is faithful and the Psalmist has to acknowledge and confess his sin, but not in this case!

-So he doubles down on his innocence, if they had forgotten God’s name (not literally but forgetting to call out to God) and worshipped another god, God would have known because He knows everything and then hold on to vs. 22 because it comes up in the NT, but the Psalmist here is saying that because of God they are being put to death and being slaughtered like sheep.

-And this Psalm ends with a final plea to God to wake up and rouse Himself into action. And the words are intentionally contrasted with the Psalmist, who had been faithful in following after God and hadn’t forgotten to obey and worship the one true God, but God has forgotten His people, and their abuse means they’re crawling around on the ground like snakes. And the last verse of this Psalm reminds God of His character, where if He won’t respond to all the needs of the Psalmist, won’t He at least remember His chesed, His covenant faithful love? I try to point out that Hebrew word every time it comes up in the Psalms because it’s really hard to translate into English. The best summary I’ve found is in the Jesus Storybook Bible by Sally Lloyd-Jones where she says it’s God’s “Never Stopping, Never Giving Up, Unbreaking, Always and Forever Love.” If that is true about God, won’t He respond to His people suffering and hurting? 

-One of the realities about being a human in this world is we tend to view the world as though it’s a meritocracy, if we do good we’re supposed to receive good, and if we do evil we’re supposed to expect that to return to us. But that’s not Christianity, that’s kharma which comes out of Easter mysticism. And we even see this Psalmist assuming that’s the way the world works. He says he’s been faithful, he’s obeyed God, which means God should be responding with blessing and protection, right? At one level he’s right, God had promised that if His people were faithful to the covenant then blessings would come, but sometimes trials are also meant to be purifying and refining, helping to draw us closer to God instead of alienating us from Him.

-Derek Kidner, a British pastor, who has written one of the best concise commentaries on the Psalms I’ve found (I read him every week when I preach through the Psalms), summarizes his thoughts on this Psalm by saying: 

-Suffering might be a battle scar rather than a punishment. Have you ever noticed how after enduring through suffering, you can see how God provided for you through it? I’ve got scars on my body that I can tell you some stories about! I can’t forget them, but I’ve also lived to tell the stories of what happened for me to get those scars. I know you all have stories of things that have happened in your lives that can be seen as battle scars now, ways that God allowed you to be refined and purified to become more holy, things that God has permitted to cause you to take steps closer to Him. When I’ve talked to you about those times in your lives, you wouldn’t necessarily want to live through them again, but you also wouldn’t trade them for the growth that happened through it. And Kidner goes on to say that a reverse (or a loss) as well as a victory might by a sign of fellowship. Think of Psalm 23, where David says that even when he walks through the valley of the shadow of death, he knows God is with him. Friends, just because you’re suffering doesn’t mean God has abandoned you, so if and when you suffer, continue calling out to God.

-And for us to understand how we apply this Psalm to our lives today, we need to look at how Paul uses it as the turning point of his Epistle of Romans. We just saw in the comments from Kidner that the feeling of desertion from God isn’t always true, and that’s exactly what Paul is talking about in this passage. If God is for us, on our side, supporting us, who is against us? The implied answer is no one! And if He gave His own Son to us, why wouldn’t He give us everything else, too? Therefore, there’s no accusation against us, no one to condemn us since God is the one who does both of those things, but if God is on our side, then there’s no condemnation, no accusation, and no separation. Think of the things that could come to those who are following God: affliction, distress, persecution. Doesn’t that sound like what we read about in Psalm 44 earlier? And Paul says it could get even worse: famine or nakedness (losing everything) danger or sword (the state or war) and then he connects it to this Psalm that we just read.

-Church, maybe Jesus actually meant it when He said that following Him means daily picking up our cross and following Him, but Paul helps us to understand that even in the middle of any kind of suffering, God is still with us because nothing can separate us from God’s love, so then Paul goes on to remind us that even as our lives are being poured out we are more than conquerors because God will never leave us. Do you believe that?

-So one of the things we’re supposed to be able to do as we follow Christ is to be able to look at suffering through a different lens because God redeems even suffering in our lives. I remember hearing someone say that every Psalm ends on a positive note, but that’s just false, and we saw this Psalm end on a negative note, feeling alienated and abandoned by God! And sometimes our live don’t end on a positive note, sometimes life is just hard! But we have 2 ways we can respond for those of us who are in Christ, the first is what we saw here: cry out to God! He has promised to never leave you and never abandon you, so even if you don’t feel Him, He is there with. Second, cry out to the church. When you’re hurting, tell others! Don’t keep it hidden, don’t keep it to yourself, God has brought us into a church to bring comfort and encouragement to us when we’re down.

Psalm 42-43 – Sermon Manuscript

-One of the realities of living “east of Eden” as Steinbeck so famously put it is that life is difficult, isn’t it? And the older you get, the more complex things seems to become where then you laugh at the things you couldn’t handle in your youth! I remember as a music pastor, being told from a high schooler that life was getting too busy so they needed to step off the music team. They did no extra-curriculars and didn’t have a job, so I was confused about how “full” their life was! But that’s looking at it from a 25 year old’s perspective instead of a 15-year-old (my prefrontal cortex was fully developed!)

-Have you ever heard the quote “Life is hard, then you die” before? I looked it up this week, turns out it’s from a science fiction writer (who contributed to Star Trek), but there’s also more to the quote:

-But for those of us who are in Christ, that’s not the end of the story is it? Life may be hard, but there’s always reasons to hope: God is always in control and never leaves us to struggle on our own. But that first sentence remains true, doesn’t it? Life IS hard! That’s a universal reality. The question for anyone is what do you do when life is hard? Today’s passages help us understand what to do when life is hard: we cry out to God.

-We’re beginning book 2 of the Psalms today (broken into 5 books as a picture of the Torah), which contains a number of Psalms written by “the sons of Korah” we’ll get to them in a bit, but we’re going to be looking at Psalms 42-43 today because they appear to have originally been combined into 1 Psalm. There’s a repeated refrain that appears in both that gives us the outline to this Psalm.

READ/PRAY (pg. 494)

  1. Thirsting for God (1-5)

-Who are the sons of Korah? According to 1 Chron. 6, these are part of the guys who served under David as the music leaders in the Lord’s temple. If you’ve ever wondered why we do so much singing at church, it’s because God’s people have always been a singing people. The biggest book in the Bible (Psalms) is a book of songs, there were music leaders in the tabernacle, Jesus sang with His disciples, and Revelation tells us that there’s singing around the throne 24/7 today. So when we gather each week to sing, we’re joining in to something that’s already taking place in the spiritual realm, but we have the privilege of joining along.

-As a deer pants for flowing streams. Once again, we need to know our Psalms! This is alluding back to Psalm 1:3 where the righteous person is the one who is planted beside a flowing stream. And do you see the contrast between what Psalm 1 says vs. what we just read about from these Psalms? Here the Psalmist isn’t enjoying a happy season, he’s feeling a distance from the Lord.

-Some scholars believe this Psalm was written by David, but adopted by the sons of Korah, and then tweaked by them. Just like a song today might be written by multiple people. It’s an individual lament that contains references to the corporate gathering, even here the gathering is alluded to: appear before God isn’t done by yourself, it’s done in community. But think of this thirst being described.

-Have you ever been so thirsty you would do anything for just another drop of water? A couple years ago I got to go on a little 110 mile hike with some other pastors from MN across the Alps (which forever means I have that soft flex to throw out), and the first day of hiking (which also happened to be the longest and most difficult day) we ran out of water with another 3 hours of hiking to go. Here’s a picture from that day, switchbacks, inclines, and each time you go down you have to go back up! When that moment hit, desperation quickly sets in, if you don’t get water your muscles start to cramp up, your brain doesn’t work as well, and you start to wonder if you’re going to die! This Psalmist is saying that’s exactly what it’s like to live without God. He’s so desperate for God to show up that he’d give up everything else to have Him.

-Not only is he panting and longing for God, he says that his tears have been his food. Have you ever tasted your tears? Pretty salty, right? How satisfying would those tears be to someone that’s hungry and thirsty? And not just physically, but mentally and spiritually worn down. Have you ever been in one of those moments where it feels like the world is crumbling down around you? I know some of your stories here, and some of you have experienced that pain! The difficulty of losing a job, or finding out your spouse has been unfaithful, or your children refusing to engage with you, or maybe you just feel really lonely, and maybe all of those things have happened at the same time.

-When those moments come, when you’re so desperate that you can’t even think of moving, do you cry out to God or turn away from Him? I can think of a couple key national events during my lifetime that demonstrate a couple different ways to deal with difficulty. First: 9/11. I was in 7th grade (still living in ND) didn’t know I’d be moving to MN the next year! I remember reading newspapers that were asking “where was God?” or “how could God let this happen?” Compare that to the response during COVID. Anger, dissension, division, lines being drawn, but I didn’t hear anyone ask where God was in the midst of that. This Psalm gives us a much better response: take your anger TO God. Don’t run away, don’t ignore, take those things to God.

-Now, maybe you think: that’s really cute, Mike. I’ve tried praying, I’ve tried reaching out, and it doesn’t change the difficulty of the world I live in, and science has even shown that prayer doesn’t change anything. Let’s look at the end of vs. 3. One of the things the wisdom books do (Psalms, Prov. Ecc.) is model for us what the good life looks like. In this Psalm, we’re finding a model of how to process grief, suffering, and difficulties.

-But here’s where we tend to miss the solution presented to us (vs. 4). The goal isn’t just to sit down with me and God by ourselves while ignoring those around us. The way the Psalmist encourages his heart is by thinking back to His times gathering with the people of God.

-I’ll be honest, there’s times when I’m feeling discouraged that I don’t want to come here! Sometimes the church is the last place I want to go, and sometimes the church is the place where I feel the most hurt and pain. And those are probably the most important times for me to make the additional effort to gather with the church because those are the people who can remind you what’s most important when you’re struggling to remember.

-Dietrich Bonhoeffer (Lutheran pastor who was killed by the Nazis during WW2) in his book Life Together, written while serving at a male only seminary said this: 

-I love that last phrase: The Christ in his own heart is weaker than the Christ in the word if his brother. Have you ever come to church weary from the heaviness of life? I have! And one of the biggest ways to persevere through the difficulties of life is by gathering together with the people of God. Tami and I have talked before about the difficulty of singing sometimes, when we look across the room and realize some of the burdens some of you are carrying, but you’re still singing (loudly) about God’s goodness and kindness and there’s moment where it brings tears to my eyes because I don’t have the same level of faith as some of you who have walked through your seasons of difficulties! That’s one of the reasons this gathering is so important for our growth and progress in our faith: we need to be able to be encouraged by others and other times be the one who’s encouraging others.

-In remembering how good and pleasant it is when God’s people live together in unity, the Psalmist then turns to himself and preaches to himself in vs. 5

-This becomes the repeated refrain throughout these Psalms, and it reminds us that God is good to us even when we’re hurting. Friends, in those seasons where you feel dejected and in turmoil, don’t give up on the church! This is what the author of Hebrews has in mind in Heb. 10. First, have you ever considered how you provoke someone positively? Normally that’s a negative, but here we see we can provoke positively in someone else. But second, what’s the opposite of not gathering together? Encouraging. Now I don’t know about you, but I can’t think of a time in my life where I walked around feeling too encouraged, can you? So I’ll take any encouragement I can get, and if gathering as the church is supposed to bring encouragement, I’m going to go to church! But also, if you’re not coming to church looking to encourage, your motivations might be off, do you see the urgency in this text? ALL THE MORE as you see what day? The day. The Bible has 2 days that it talks about today (are you being faithful today) and THE day when Jesus returns. And friends, each day we live gets us 1 day closer to THE day. Back to the Psalm, one of the people that we need to encourage is ourselves, and one of the biggest issues we all face is that we spend a great deal of time listening to ourselves instead of preaching to ourselves. There are 2 British pastors that I have a great deal of admiration for that served in the last century that spoke to this topic: Martyn-Lloyd Jones and John Stott.

-The Doctor: did you know that you lie to yourself more than anyone else? We all spend more time with ourselves than anyone else, and we all have thoughts that make zero sense if you stop and think about it. So instead of letting those thoughts take root in your mind, stop and assess if it’s true. 

-Stott: this is a bit of a false dichotomy, because there can be real chemical issues that you need help with, but I think we jump to chemical cures far too quickly in our country! How often are we stuck in our own minds and listening to ourselves instead of preaching to ourselves and looking to God? How much of the mental anguish in our world is us trying to be little gods and take the burdens of the world on our shoulders? Friends, we were not created to keep up with the news of the world! We can’t handle it! Add in that we so often view identity as something chosen instead of received and it’s no wonder we have so much therapy in the West today! If we instead are able to both preach to ourselves to remind us that God is in control AND have others who are actively provoking us to be encouraged, how much healthier are we going to be? And that’s why God calls us into a church family, so we can remember and remind. Keep all that in mind as we come to that repeated refrain again 2 more times in this Psalm:

  • Broken Because of God (6-11)

-As much as I wish it was as easy as saying “Stop it!” to any and every issue in your life, it’s not that simple, and the Psalmist goes on after reminding himself to trust in God to go right back to complaining!

-All these references are to the north side of Israel, not at home in Jerusalem where he belongs where he’s looking at the source of the Jordan river and reflecting on all the difficulties God has permitted to sweep over the Psalmist’s life

-And once again, he reminds himself to think back to God’s provision towards him: faithful love (covenant, steadfast faithfulness) during the day, and at night he will remember God’s song which serves as his prayer 

-BUT this prayer still needs to be said! And acknowledging that God is in control doesn’t automatically fix all the issues, following Jesus doesn’t lead to an easy life, even when we know the right things about God (like He is always with us, He’ll never leave us, He sends His faithful love towards us), it doesn’t always change the circumstances that we’re in. I remember reading a story Tim Keller told about a girl who was asking all these big theological questions about God, and after Keller answered them all she said, “but who cares if no boys notice me.”

-That’s kind of what’s happening to the Psalmist here, we look at whatever our definition of the good life is (in this girls case it’s being notice by boys) for me, it’s a house that doesn’t keep breaking around me, maybe for you it’s kids that clean up after themselves or maybe recognition at your job. We all have things that we look to as the “good life” but the marker keeps changing. Once again, we tend to become our own worst enemies who keeps changing the finish line of what we think we need.

-One of the things I shared last week is we need to read all the Psalms as directing us to Jesus, and here we are at a clear connection to Him. This is why it’s so important that we have Jesus who is able to understand every single one of the emotions and temptations that we have! Think about the 3 temptations that Satan gave to Jesus after He’d been fasting for 40 days in Luke 4, aren’t they an offer of the good life? He offers him delicious food, the entire world, and religious recognition in Jerusalem. But another time in His life, Jesus also faces the reality that He feels forgotten from God. 

-It’s likely that Jesus alludes to this Psalm in the Garden of Gethsemane when He says that He is “deeply grieved,” which is the same wording that gets translated as “so dejected” in this Psalm (repeatedly). Jesus had to preach to Himself too: He knew what was coming, He knew the burden He was about to experience, and He was needing to remind Himself that God’s plans are still good.

-And after that refrain, we’re into the last section of these Psalms:

  • Guidance From God (43:1-5) 

-There’s a slight shift as we get into 43 because after all this complaining the Psalmist then finally gets around to making his requests to God.  

-These descriptions are meant to contrast with God, since these enemies haven’t been operating with loving kindness, God should judge them. If God won’t protect the Psalmist he’s going to continue being maligned and mistreated.

-God is the refuge, the source of strength, the place where we can find comfort and hope, as long as God doesn’t reject us, and if we’re in Christ, He never will!

-Since the Psalmist is so far away from “home” he needs a guide back: light and truth. Light as a guide for his future steps, truth as the source of vindication. Those can lead the Psalmist back home to Jerusalem, the holy mountain.

-And just so we understand, this once again isn’t an individual goal, this is a communal call. Where is the altar of God? And where would he praise God with the lyre? In the gathering of God’s people (what we today do at church together). Our western mindset tends to miss how corporate these songs are, it’s not just to bring comfort to me when I’m hurting, this is meant to bring comfort to US as the outpost of God’s kingdom here on earth! We together come to the altar of God, we together praise God, we together need to remember and remind each other to put our hope in God!

-Just so we don’t miss even more Christ connections here, think of what the Psalmist just asked God to provide in vs. 3: light and truth. We did a series a number of years ago looking at the 7 “I Am” statements of Jesus in John’s Gospel, and 2 of them just happen to be seen in this request from the Psalmist. 

-If we have been saved, we have the Holy Spirit as the light in our life, guiding and supporting us as we work to grow closer to Jesus step by step. 

-What we’ve seen in this Psalm is the reminder to not just passively sit back and listen to yourself talk, instead we need to actively and intentionally work to preach to ourselves AND OTHERS so that we can encourage and be encouraged to that one step closer to Jesus today, and all the more as we see THE day drawing near.

Psalm 41 – Sermon Manuscript

-I heard a great story of the implications of what God has done for us this week from Christian apologist John Lennox. Now, he’s an Irishman so he has a much more enjoyable accent than me, and he’s much smarter than me, so I won’t tell the story quite as well, but I believe you’ll get the point.

-Cara and I celebrated 11 years of marriage this week. What if our meeting story was me seeing her across the room, going out to buy a cookbook for her and handing it to her on our first date. She’d look at me like I was crazy and ask what she’s supposed to do with it. What if I said, “well, on page 126 there’s a recipe for my favorite kind of tacos, and I happen to really like those tacos, so as long as you follow all those instructions to a T, you and I are going to get along splendidly!”  Now, I happen to have bought Cara a few cookbooks over our 11 years of marriage, but I’ve never told her that! And I’ve DEFINITELY never told her that her food doesn’t tastes the same as my mom made it!

-But how often do we treat our Christian faith that way? These aren’t rules God has given in order to make his life easy, it’s the inverse of the way God has designed things. My love for Cara has nothing to do with how closely she follows the rules in the cookbook, just like God’s love for us has nothing to do with how closely we follow the rules. It’s in the context of a loving relationship that this book can begin to make sense!

-What we get in the Psalms is a picture of someone who is in that loving relationship with God, and what that means for us to live in that relationship.

READ/PRAY (pg. 494)

How to read the Psalms:

-Annual reminder: 1 is called a Psalm, 2 or more is plural PsalmS 

-The book of Psalms is at times difficult for us to figure out what to do with. It’s very different from the rest of the Bible, some of the things said in here almost feel like they’re heretical because they’re making some big accusations against God, there’s sections that ask God to kill someone, and as I’m sure many of you talk about with your kids, there’s a lot of “big feelings” throughout this book. Yet despite the differences, it is God’s inspired, inerrant, and authoritative Word (inspired is a theological term that is trying to capture what Paul says in 2 Tim. 3:16: “God breathed”, inerrant means there isn’t an error, and authoritative means we have to submit to it). 

-They’re also written in Hebrew poetry, which can be an acquired taste! I’m not sure about you, but the poetry section for me in English class was NOT my favorite section (bit of a snooze fest, sorry Bob). Even the questions my teachers asked about poetry were so different from the prose! I could not wrap my mind around it!

-The Psalms can be similar. They’re often very contextually based on situations that happened in the Psalmists life that he’s processing through singing which adds another level of complexity to us interpreting them. C.S. Lewis said about the Psalms: “the Psalms are poems, and poems intended to be sung: not doctrinal treatises, nor even sermons.” I think he’s slightly overstating his case because there is such rich truth in the Psalms, but the primary focus of these is to be beautiful works of art that stir our affections toward God. Here’s how some early historic church pastors described the Psalms. (compendium is a brief summary of a larger work). The Psalms teach us all sorts of things about God, things like God is infinitely creative. The Psalms give us language for both our prayers and songs that give us room to express ourselves, to feel comfortable crying out to God in the good and bad seasons. But I thought of 5 ways we should read through all the Psalms:

-Prayerfully: we’ve talked about using the Psalms as an inspiration for prayer before. If you don’t know what to pray, pick a Psalm! Read the first phrase and pray whatever comes to mind, when you run out of things to say read the next phrase, and continue down. And do you know how many Psalms there are? 150, know how many days there are in a month (usually) about 30, you’ve got 5 Psalms for each day of the month. A psalm a day keeps the devil away! Our very own Joe Taylor created an app you can download if you want help with this practice called “Pray the Psalms”

-Devotionally: one of my favorite things about the Psalms is the way they train my heart and mind to think God’s Words in my prayer. It gives me words when I don’t know what to say, it trains my mind to think the right things and it provides a framework for us to know how to cast our cares on God (1 Peter 5:7) because He cares about us.

-Emotionally: whatever emotion you’re experiencing you can find a Psalm to correlate to it. Jesus did this, when He was dying on the cross, He was thinking about Psalm 22, and we know this because He quoted it from the cross! The Psalms help us know what to do with our “big feelings” and learn how to turn those feelings into prayers and times with the Lord. Friends, feelings aren’t bad, but they’re also not necessarily true, the Psalms teach us how to feel properly, bringing all our feelings to God!

-Repeatedly: we’re going to be taking the hymnal of the Psalms into eternity, so get started memorizing and understanding it now. It has been a regular practice throughout church history to read through the book of Psalms on a regular basis and it’s worth continuing that practice for us today.

-Christo-centrically: Jesus is the main character and focus of the entire Bible, including the Psalms. Dietrich Bonhoeffer said this of the Psalms: meaning that Jesus is the focus of the Psalms. The Psalm aren’t prophetic in the same way passages from Isa. or even what we saw in the minor prophets, but we need to read the Psalms looking for how they point us to Jesus.

-Read it as a prayer to Jesus. The book of Hebrews begins sharing the history of God’s revelation which used to be through prophets but now is through His Son. He then runs through a list of OT quotations that are pointing to Jesus, and in these verses quoting from Pss. 102:25-2, and we’ll see another example of this later in Psalm 41.

-Read it as a prayer of Jesus (as I just shared of what Jesus did on the cross)

-Read it as a picture of Jesus. Think of how Jesus describes Himself in John 10:11. Can any of you think of a Psalm that talks about God being a shepherd? Yeah, Psalm 23! Probably the most well-known one! Jesus is telling us all those things that we read about in the Psalms are about Him!

-With all that background, now let’s work our way through this week’s Psalm:

  1. The Mercy of the Lord (1-3)

-Title or description is in the original text. Many times, it’s just an educated guess going into them because it’s mostly musical notes or something like that.

-Let’s start with the first word: happy, some translations will say blessed, the intent is similar (at least in English), it refers to someone who is faithfully following God, and it points us back to the beginning of this entire book, because this book is carefully arranged to build on itself, so when we read that word “happy” our minds should go back to the first 2 Psalms that set the stage for everything else coming after.

-Look at how the first Psalm begins: how is someone happy? By not following after sinners but delighting in God’s instructions and allowing that to be the focus of your life and attention.

Psalms 1-2 are connected by this similar theme, and if you look at the last 2 verses of Psalm 2 it continues building on the way to be happy, here it’s in those who take refuge in Him, so we’re already starting to put a composite together of what it takes to be happy: someone who delights in God’s Word and takes refuge in Him.

-Let’s go back to Psalm 41 now and see how else we can be happy:

-Considerate of the poor. Our minds jump to financial, but that’s not the only thing meant by this word, think of it more like lowly or meek. Remember how we’re supposed to read this focused on Christ? Can you think of a time where Jesus gave a blessing to someone who was meek? His beatitudes. Grant Osborne (prof. at TEDS) in his commentary on Matthew says: 

-So maybe Jesus was thinking about and meditating on this Psalm when He preached His beatitudes. Both passages are getting to this same idea:

-As followers of the Lord, we are expected to represent Him, which means looking out for the poor, weak, and marginalized and using whatever resources we have to care for them. I’ve been thinking about this idea the past week in terms of people who try to live without the church, and maybe some of you, even though you’re here, don’t feel like this makes a whole lot of sense. The sun’s out, it’s lake season, the fish are biting, and you’re sitting in this large room with some people that you may not even know that well. Why? One basic reason is because woven into creation is rhythms, you see it in the creation account in Gen. 1 where God says we’re given the sun and moon to be able to mark the seasons and days out, and part of that rhythm is a 7 day week, where we gather on the 1st day of the week to celebrate the resurrection and to be encouraged to live as Christians throughout the rest of the week. But there’s another reason to engage in the church: you’re not made to do life alone. 

-How can someone be considered happy? By being considerate of the poor, which means you need to be around other people who are poor! Not just financial, but I was thinking about one of the early descriptions of how the church acted this past week in Acts 2

-This has unfortunately been twisted beyond what it says, and some people try to argue that this means the early church practiced communism or socialism, but that’s not at all what’s being said! It says people still owned possessions and property, and as needs came up the church would meet those needs. It’s actually very similar to what happens here! When a family has a new baby, people from church will drop off meals as a way to help. When someone has yardwork needs, it’s easy to recruit a group of people from church to come help. It’s the church living as the church is supposed to live, always looking for ways to help others as the opportunities come up. 

-And this idea isn’t restricted to Psalms, here’s a couple examples of how we’re supposed to treat the poor from Proverbs.

-What is the outcome of someone who is “happy” and considerate of the poor: protection and preservation from the Lord. And this is important for David to make this note, because things are going to shift in the next verse for him:

  • The Cruelty of the Enemy (4-9)

-David has done all this work previously to talk about what it takes to be blessed by God, but now David is saying he is the poor one who needs God’s protection and preservation.

-What is this sin? No one knows! But David asks God to still be gracious despite his sin, which is why he had previously said that God sustains and heals those who are sick. David is connecting his sin to some kind of sickness that his enemies are using against him and hoping that he dies from

-What’s the connection between sin and sickness? We (I) tend to look on miraculous healings with a level of skepticism, we’ve all been trained that science & technology can solve all our problems, but is that true? The Bible doesn’t say that all sickness is related to sin, but it does say some sickness is! And we also see that we’re supposed to pray for those who are sick. It’s wrong to say that there’s no correlation between sin and sickness, but it’s also wrong to say that every sickness is connected to some kind of sin in a person, and that’s about as far as we can go with it! We need to be comfortable with some ambiguity.

-Again, not sure what event this is referring to where David is incredibly sick, but his enemies are using it to begin planning his demise

-There’s an interesting connection to David’s complaints with Psalm 2 (besides just the happiness piece we saw before), in vs. 7 David says of these people conspiring against him that they whisper together and are planning to harm him. It’s the same word used in Psalm 2 for what the nations are trying to do against the Lord’s Anointed One. David is casting himself in that light, He is God’s anointed one who has been called to lead the nation at this point, but he’s not the ultimate anointed one, although the ultimate anointed one uses this Psalm during His time on earth too, which we see in vs. 9

-The last verse in this section takes a dark turn, it’s not just enemies who are against David, it’s even a friend.

-Ate my bread, David opened his home, they fellowshipped together, God has given food as a gift to join people together. Have you ever tried to be angry with someone over a meal? I know it happens, but it’s hard to be angry when you’re enjoying good food & drink together!

-And Jesus knew this, shortly after he washes His disciples’ feet in John 13, He warns them about what’s coming and says that this Scripture must be fulfilled. Just because it’s also fulfilled in Jesus doesn’t mean it’s not also true of David. David had a friend betray him, just like his eventual descendant Jesus had a friend betray Him. If you’ve ever felt the sting of a friend who betrayed you and went behind your back, Jesus knows that pain, too! But there’s another promise even further back in the Bible that this is also picking up. When you hear something about a heel in the Bible, you should hear the first gospel message God gives His people in Gen. 3, right after the fall:

-The rest of the story of Scripture is this continual fighting between the seed of the woman and the seed of the serpent. In David’s case, his enemies are carrying out the serpent’s plan: try to destroy the seed of the woman, but since God is on David’s side it’s not going to work, which is where David turns next:

  • The Grace of the Lord (10-13) 

-God isn’t like David’s enemies or friends! God is always faithful and steadfast and will preserve David. But David says something that seems to contradict other passage of Scripture, how can David claim to repay others? Isn’t that something God is supposed to do? What would repayment even look like for a follower of God?

-David here is acting like a righteous King is supposed to by bringing about shalom, lasting peace in his nation, similar to what Peter says about those in authority:

-Part of that authority means punishing those who are trying to do evil. Now, that isn’t something we get to use today, the church isn’t given the task of fighting and protecting land, David was! Today, we trust God’s repayment, as 2 Thess. 1 says: We wait patiently and trust that God has a plan for us that’s better than anything we experience on earth. When we meet God, we won’t consider any trials or difficulties we experience here as not worth it. God is in the redemption and restitution business; we’re in the trusting business.

-David ends by preaching truths to himself. God delights in him, God defeats his enemies, God supports David, and David gets to be in the Lord’s presence forever!

-Do you see the connection between living a life of integrity and being in God’s presence, where true and lasting happiness is found? It’s us working in sync with the Lord where living a life that’s obedient to Him leads to flourishing for us. God has told us what we need to live a peaceful and contented life, the question is: do you believe Him? As I shared at the beginning of this message, these rules aren’t in place to allow us to “earn” being in right standing with God, these rules are God telling us how much He loves us! Do you understand that God loves you enough to send His Son to take our sin on Himself? That His Son was betrayed by a friend who shared His table even though Jesus lived in complete integrity all so that we could live in God’s presence forever. The only adequate response to that reality is the last verse:

-Most likely, this last verse wasn’t in the Psalm that David wrote. This is the end of the first book of 5 that make up the bigger book of Psalms, and each one of the books ends with a doxological note giving praise to God. 

-The purpose of these Psalms is for us to praise, and as we saw last week with the end of the Nicene Creed, amen is the correct Christian response to talking to God.

-The biggest takeaway from this Psalm for us today is the reminder that we have an example of the person who was considerate of us who were poor. I preached a series themed on this verse last August if you want to go listen to it further, but this is a verse I’ve been meditating on for the last year:

In the Church – Sermon Manuscript

-We’re in our last week looking at the Nicene Creed! We’ve broken it down into the 3 persons of the Godhead: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, this week we’ll be looking at the institution that represents that Trinity today: the church.

-And once again, I found another bad creed for us to look at, from an organization that claims to represent all “progressive Christians”

-“Inherently evolving and always progressing” how does that relate to Jude 3-4? A faith that was “once for all” delivered to the saints? Should Christianity always be evolving? No! That’s the amazing thing about it, it’s true forever. Now it can be applied differently depending on the context, but Christianity itself will never change!

-Is Jesus THE Way, truth, and life, or not? 

  1. One, Holy, Catholic, Apostolic

-These 4 words have often become referred to as the 4 characteristics of the church, and I think we need all of them together because each new generation needs different reminders. We also need to be careful not to project current issues onto what the early church meant here. When we read “one” today, we tend to kind of chuckle to ourselves because of the abundance of denominations we have today. I found 1 article online that said there are over 50,000 “Christian” denominations around the world, and we’ll look at that in a minute, but think of what these 4 words together mean: it distinguishes them all from the different heretical sects that were popping up all over (one of which was Arius). And each one of these are brought up throughout the Bible as something Christians should be pursuing together. So let’s take each one in turn!

-What does it mean that the church is one? This signifies the unity that’s supposed to be true of Christ’s church, and this is literally something that Jesus prayed for during His last night on earth. Look at what He prays in John 17:

-First of all, I’m going to point this out every time we read this text, but I think it’s just amazing that Jesus prays for us. He’s facing His death and He takes the time to pray for anyone who will believe in Him. Another way of saying that is He’s praying for the church throughout all history. But look at what He prays for: that they would be one. He says it 3 different times!

-And look at the outworking of this: so that the world would know that Jesus was sent and that we’re loved by Jesus. But how can we confess that the church is one when there’s so many different churches that look & act differently from each other? And I want to propose potentially a different way of thinking through the unity of the church. There are 2 things we need to think through in relation to this: first we need a way of defining what actually is a church because it’s more than just meeting together (JW and Mormons meet together, and as I shared in the 1 sermon in this series, they also claim to be Christians. We’ll look at that more when we get to baptism). But secondly, what if, instead of being inconsistent with the differences between church and denominations, those are actually markers of unity?

-One of the biggest questions philosophers wrestle with is the connection between groups and individuals. How can there be unity & diversity at the same time? And I think it’s getting us back to the Trinity! The creation is pointing to the Creator who is united as 1 God who exists as 3 persons. So what if the different true churches are representative of the eternal God who can’t be contained by any 1 church or denomination? A couple things that might help illustrate this for you: how many families do we have represented in this room? Quite a few! Does every family look and act exactly the same? Nope! Even though we spend time together, even though we worship the same God, there’s variety in these families, just like there’s variety in church families. If that doesn’t help, think of all the various sandwich shops we have, kids, I need your help to list some of them! Subway, Jimmy Johns, Jersey Mikes, Erberts & Gerbets, and because I’m from Northfield, Hogan Bros. Every one of those places is taking basically the same ingredients (some places have better ingredients than others), and putting them into a similar vehicle for calorie delivery to your mouth, right? So again, we have unity and diversity in the way these sandwiches are compiled. It’s similar in the church, where each local expression of the church will do some things better than others, but together we better represent the unity and diversity in the Godhead. With that in mind, I want to look at one more passage:

-Paul also talks about this in Eph. 4 where he has a running list of “ones.” He calls the church a body, and it’s hard for one body to be divided, isn’t it? So while I do believe that the various expressions of church help us represent God, there is still the call for us to pursue unity and work to break down some of the divides that we see between true churches around us (true is important there).

-What does it mean that the church is holy? This is a way of saying the church is set apart, sacred, unique, but this marker also signifies that we’re supposed to represent God. Peter talks about this in 1 Peter (quoting a few passages from Lev.)

-And notice how Peter begins this section: children. We’re operating under the assumption that we’re brought in as adopted children of God, which changes the focus of this holiness. It’s not pursuing holiness as a way to earn God’s recognition or to get Him to like you, it’s pursuing holiness because you know that He loves you and desires your flourishing. And because you know that God wants the best for you, it means obeying the things He’s told us to do.

-As I brought up earlier, we know that each family has “traits” that set them apart from other families, you all have told me how much my kids look alike, and there’s literally nothing they can do about it! But there’s also certain habits or patterns that my kids pick up that I can do something about. The foods we eat, the games we play, the inside jokes we have, and that’s also meant to be true in the church! When the world looks at the true church, they’re supposed to see God represented in us and through us, which means holiness should be a family trait they see!

-What does it mean that the church is catholic? This word “catholic” is taking from word that means “universal,” NOT referring to the Roman Catholic Church (notice that the word is lower case when I didn’t capitalize it, meaning it’s not a proper noun). And we see this in Jesus’s last words in Matt. The church is supposed to have disciples in all nations!

-Each church I’ve been at I’ve introduced reciting various historical creeds, confessions, or catechisms (like we do here) and each time I’ve had someone get upset with me when they’re first introduced because we’re Protestants and not Catholics! Unfortunately, there has been a tendency to conflate church history with Roman Catholic, and that’s not a helpful way to view church history. Gavin Ortlund has done some fantastic YT videos from a particularly Baptist perspective on church history, if you want to learn more about church history from a Protestant and baptistic perspective, watch him!

-All that to say, when we confess that we’re a part of the catholic church, we’re saying that we trace our heritage all the way back to Jesus! It’s confessing that we’re a part of the global church today, connected to the historic church of the past, and will remain a part of the church into eternity!

-What does it mean that the church is apostolic? Just as I said, we’re tracing our beliefs back to Jesus, and His first apostles. Look at what Jesus said to Peter in Matt. 16

-We’ve looked at this other times, the rock that the church is being built on is Peter’s confession that Jesus is the Christ, it’s not being built on Peter being the first Pope (which is why Jesus 3 verses later changes Peter’s nickname to Satan!)

-But do you see the authority that Jesus is giving to the church? The binding and loosing is in terms of recognizing and affirming the salvation of the future disciples. That’s an unbelievably weighty task! Now I want to be careful about this because I know your ears may have just pricked up: isn’t salvation by grace alone, through faith alone, in Jesus Christ alone? Yes, but the moment you’re saved you’re brought into a family that recognizes and affirms that you’re a part of this family.

-One of the early church fathers, writing in the 3rd century (so before the Nicene Creed) wrote an entire book titled “On the Unity of the Catholic Church” (again, catholic meaning universal). In that book, he stated the importance of the church this way: but then he went even further and also said: Once again, we need to caveat this a bit because Roman Catholics have taken this the wrong way to say that outside the church they’ve created there’s no salvation, what Cyprian is pointing to is the reality that God’s representatives on earth right now are found in the church. Think back to the great commission that we read earlier in Matt. 28, who is that charge given to? It’s not given to individuals, the command is given in the plural, saying YOU ALL TOGETHER go and make disciples.

-Jesus founded the church as His earthly representation in this time between His comings and for us to follow after Jesus, we must be a part of the church, and since I talk about it so much, this is another one of the reasons I emphasize membership so much. Membership is a modern day response attempting to live out what Jesus has commanded because every human relationship requires a commitment on the part of both parties involved.

  • Markers of the Church

-This only talks about baptism, not the Lord’s Supper, but we believe those are the 2 markers that help us get at what a true church is (our denomination SOF says it this way). Before we look at those, though, one of the common critiques from Protestants to this creed is the forgiveness of sins (which I just mentioned comes only through faith in Jesus), so is this Creed saying that baptism is required for salvation? This is picking up on Peter’s words at Pentecost in Acts 2:

-Do you see the way repentance and baptism are intertwined? Baptism is meant to serve as a marker of the entry point of faith. Baptism is often the first step of obedience when the Lord has saved you, and the New Testament has no category for someone who is not baptized. Throughout the NT these 2 things are intimately connected together. You can also read Rom. 6 to see the picture Paul gives assuming that every Christian has been baptized.

-The other reality we confess about baptism is that there is “one” and we can see that in Eph. 4. This means that you shouldn’t be baptized more than once, that would be like asking to be born again (and I know that none of your mothers would sign up for that!) If you, any of you, have trusted in Jesus as your Savior, we would LOVE to baptize you here! We will fill up this tank anytime someone talks to us and expresses a desire to be baptized, so if that is any of you, please talk to me or anyone else on staff here and we’ll set up a time to talk about the significance of baptism and what it looks like.

-One other important thing to note about this creed is that it’s a summary of the bare minimum doctrines, but it isn’t a complete list of things that you need to practice or affirm to be a Christian. For example, baptism is only 1 of the ordinances Jesus gave to the church, the other is the Lord’s Supper. As I shared at the beginning of this series, creeds are written in response to questions or issues being raised, so at the time these statements were enough to articulate what the church is. 1200 years later, another confession was written that was working to distinguish the true church vs. false churches, and look at their summary: 3 things: correct preaching of the gospel, practicing of the sacraments (or ordinances) of baptism & communion, and church discipline (which I believe is a subset of the Lord’s Supper, email me if you want to know why).

-And I want to take some time to walk through the connection between those 2 things, because they are connected to each other, but most of the time we don’t think about their relationship. In fact, I’ve gotten into some debates with some pastors over this connection before! And that debate is: who should celebrate communion? And to answer that we need to think about what each sacrament is connected to. Baptism, as I shared earlier, is connected to repentance and the moment you’re saved. The Bible doesn’t have a category for an unbaptized Christian, which means anyone who is following Jesus should be baptized as a step of obedience to the Bible. Communion is connected to the ongoing sanctification (being made holy) of the believer, which I believe means you shouldn’t celebrate communion before you have been baptized, hence why I’ve shared before in various settings that I would discourage children from celebrating the Lord’s Supper until they have been baptized, because I don’t think it’s right to celebrate the ongoing practices until you have celebrated the beginning practice. There’s a logical connection to these 2 things that we need to keep in mind. This is also the historic practice of the church. The Didache (late 1st or early 2nd century document describing the practice of the church) says this:

-That being said, because I can’t point to a chapter and verse that makes this practice explicit I don’t believe it’s a sin if you get these out of order, and in my debates with people I’ve had people ask me: if someone got saved today would I bar them from the table? No! But the normal practice should be: saved, baptism, Lord’s Supper. And parents, you have a role to play in this: talk to your kids about what each of those ordinances mean! And if you don’t know how, talk to Erin because she’s a master at collecting books and resources to equip you to help your kids take 1 step closer to Jesus! Kids: talk to your parents about these things! And if you have put your trust in Jesus, talk to your parents about being baptized!

  • The Future Church

-This first phrase would have been viewed as ridiculous to most of the world at the time! What do you mean there’s a resurrection of the dead?! We need to squeeze as much pleasure out of this world as we possibly can, because once we’re gone that’s it! And I hate to break it to you, but that’s not Christianity. Christianity tells us that this world is broken, but redeemed, and that one day all the brokenness will be fixed, and the reason we can trust that is because someone told us that, and then He proved His words by rising from the dead.

-One of the most helpful passages for us to meditate on in relation to this is 1 Cor. 15. Paul tells us the necessity of the resurrection of the body because if there is no resurrection, then even Jesus is still dead, and if Jesus is still dead, then we have no reason to put our faith in Him. And it gets worse! Paul says if our only hope is in this world then everyone else should pity for us. But Jesus has been raised from the dead, which means the only people who should be pitied are those who don’t put their faith in Him!

-And Paul connects that reality to us for the rest of this section. Do you see how he refers to Jesus as the firstfruits here? That’s a way of saying Jesus is the picture of what we someday will be like. Those who belong to Christ will be resurrected just like Him, someday in the future when death itself is defeated and undone.

-And friends, the Bible also tells us about the life in the world to come, and the guy who told us what it will be like is the same one who rose from the dead, and since He’s the only guy who can claim that, I’m going to stick with His suggestions. Look at the picture we get of this new life in the last chapter of the Bible, Rev. 22

-In the new Jerusalem, after Jesus comes back, the city is divided by the river of the water of life. No more death exists there! And do you see the sources of this life? The throne of God and the Lamb. God is the source of all our life (remember last week we saw the Lifegiver?). And the tree of life produces fruit each month, the nations are healed, and the curse of sin is the only things that’s dead. And this life will never end! It says we will reign forever and ever.

-And the whole creed appropriately ends with a Hebrew word that means “this is true.” Which also happens to be the last word in the Bible, which is connected to another promise from Jesus. Jesus says that He is coming soon (which is a relative term when you compare it to eternity!)

-So John’s response: Amen, yes, this is true! And we respond inviting Jesus to return, but until that time we ask for the Lord’s grace to be with all of us, and just to reiterate that this is true, the Bible ends with this note of praise: amen. Yes, let it be true!

-We’ve made it all the way through this creed; how do we take this and begin applying it to our lives?

-First, we read and reflect on this as our pledge of allegiance to this Trinitarian God who exists as Father, Son, and Spirit, and we fall on our faces in worship of this mysterious reality that brings us into the loving relationship of this God.

-Second, we use this as a reminder of what is most important in our faith, this summary of God’s plan in salvation to rescue, reconcile, and redeem a people for Himself. This reminder of what the church throughout history and the world together believes and confesses as the mark of orthodoxy.

-Finally, because of the way this creed (and the Bible) ends, we use it as a reminder to hope! Jesus is coming soon, so we say: amen and amen, this is true, so come, Lord Jesus, come!

In the Holy Spirit

-Looking at the Nicene Creed in celebration of it’s 1,701st birthday. But each week, we’re also looking at a different creed to see why we need to have creeds. I’m guessing you’ve seen this one before, there’s a house in my neighborhood that has it up:

Let’s think about what this is saying:

-Black lives matters. I agree! As the nursery rhyme that I still sing to my kids says: Jesus loves the little children of the world, red and yellow, black and white. But, we have to differentiate between this statement the organization Black Lives Matter. BLM as an organization has some major disagreements with Christian faith, but we as Christians can affirm that black lives do indeed matter! 

-Science is real: science is merely observation, this is as helpful as saying “science says…” science doesn’t “say” anything, scienTISTS can say things as they interpret data and observations.

-Love is love: we talked about that one last week.

-Kindness is everything: have you looked at gas prices? I can’t use kindness to fill up my tank! It’s a ridiculous platitude that’s meant to give warm fuzzies but doesn’t mean anything!

-And Christians can be guilty of doing the same thing: I’m “pan” millennial, we’ll see how it all “pans” out, I’m as Calvinist as the Bible says and as Arminian as the Bible says. Study these issues! Those are an excuse to be lazy, and God doesn’t call people to laziness! Friends, this is why we need creeds in our lives to help protect us from laziness or theological drift. A friend sent me this yard sign that if anyone wants to buy for me I will gladly stick in my front yard:

-I’m going to ask you to stand for the reading of God’s Word, but we’re going to do something a little bit different, I’m just going to read them to you and ask you to listen and not follow along in your Bibles quite yet because I want to read the primary texts that get to what we’re studying today.

Gen. 1:1-2; Luke 1:26-35, 4:1, 14-15, John 14:15-26, 16:12-15

  1. The Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed

-Technically, the creed we’ve been studying is referred to this way instead of just the Nicene Creed, because there are 2 editions of this. I shared at the beginning of this series that we’re celebrating 1700 years since this was written, but that’s only partially true. The conversation continued over the next decades, so in 381 they landed on the finalized version of the Nicene Creed that continues to be used through today.

-Now before we look at the biggest difference, I want to remind us where we’re starting and the reason this Creed even exists. God is the creator of everything, but there’s a hard line between God and creation, you’ve seen this each week. Arius worked hard to emphasize the one-ness of God and thus argued that Jesus has to go below the line. He argued that since Jesus was “begotten” then there had to have been a time when He was not. But the council, tracing what the Bible said, disagreed with that argument and said that Jesus Himself claimed to be one with the Father, therefore Jesus is above the line.

-The next question they had to work through gets us back to the beginning of last week’s section, where it said that Jesus’s work was “for us and for our salvation.” How do we bridge this divide? History traces humanity’s attempts at building a ladder to try to get up there, most specifically seen at Babel where humans did their best to reach the realm of the gods (in the heavens above), but despite humanity’s attempts, there is nothing that can bridge this gap. God exists completely outside of His creation, we can’t do anything to get up to Him, which means He has to come down to us, which just so happens to be the story we see in the Bible! Out of the overflow of God’s inner love comes the physical created world that is created to love God and love each other. But how can we be brought into that Trinitarian love? That’s where we need the Holy Spirit living in us, which the 325 edition of this creed didn’t articulate very much, here’s the comparison:

-The first edition made a basic statement that didn’t give much clarity, which meant guess which debate came next? Yeah, people trying to argue that the Holy Spirit was less than God. There was a group that called themselves the Pneumatomachi (side note, but if you’re going to create a heretical cult, this is a great name to use) which is Greek for “Spirit-fighters.” Just as Arius denied that Jesus was fully God, this group denied that the Holy Spirit was fully God, proposed by a guy name Macedonius. So how did the church respond? They convened another council to re-articulate and defend what the Bible says by fleshing out what they meant when they said “and in the Holy Spirit” previously.

-This takes place all the time, like you know how policies and laws always get created in response to something happening? That’s exactly what’s taking place here. At a previous church I was at, there was a policy in the wedding manual (but nowhere else) that banned Dungeons and Dragons, which means it could be played anytime EXCEPT when a wedding is going on! I would have LOVED to have known what happened that led to the banning of a board game because you know it was in response to some funny story!

-1 other big difference between these 2 editions is what is included after the section on the Holy Spirit: 

-This was removed in the 381 version because they wanted to use it as devotional and liturgical statement to be used in the church and by Christians.

-hypostasis and ousia are used as synonyms here (untranslated to be able to see what exactly is being said) and ensuring that Arius couldn’t use his preferred word and get away with it. Hypostatis refers to personhood or being, and ousia is the same thing (at this time). Eventually, hypostatis is the preferred term in referring to the persons of the Trinity, so what we looked at last week is what theologians call “the hypostatic union,” Jesus having 2 natures but 1 Being or essence. And if you’re already confused, then use that confusion to marvel at our God whose ways and thoughts are above anything we can ever imagine!

-So now let’s all recite the Niceno-Constantinopolitan creed together again (and I hope some of you are taking the time to memorize it throughout the week! There are papers at the tables on your way out if you haven’t gotten one yet!)

-This last phrase I’m breaking up into 2 weeks, this week we’ll just look at the Holy Spirit, next week we’ll look at where He’s at work: in the church. 

  • The Life-Giver

-I intentionally pulled this word out even though it’s not the first word used to describe him because I love this summary of the Spirit’s work, and the Greek is 1 compound word “life-giver.” Have you ever thought of the Sprit as the one who gives life? We read Gen. 1 earlier which explicitly mentions the Spirit being involved in creation. We know from other passages in the NT that the Son is also involved in creation, so we see from the beginning the Trinitarian nature of God.

-This is intentionally mean to contrast with the dead. Think of what Rom. 8:11 says: the Holy Spirit’s role in salvation is literally to bring us from death to life spiritually. 

-And we also see the role of the Spirit in the act of creation twice. First in the verses we read earlier where the Spirit is involved in bringing life to the primordial chaos, but then we see His work implied when the text focuses on the creation of humans in Gen. 2: notice that it’s not until the man is giving breath that he becomes a living being, so the Spirit’s role is to give life.

-We read these verses earlier, too, but that theme comes up again in the new creation of Jesus inside Mary’s womb. Look at how both Luke and Matthew describe what happened.

-Back to the creed: the Lord, the same as Jesus, pointing to unity between Son & Spirit

-The ordering is both biblical & logical. We started with the Father, then talked about the Son, and now we’re getting to the Holy Spirit, and that’s the reason we refer to them as the first, second, and third persons of the Godhead. It’s not significance, it’s the way God reveals Himself to us. 

-What is “proceeds”? Another word theologians will use in reference to the Spirit is the word “spiration” which just means breath.

-They’re trying to answer the question: how do we talk about the distinctions within the godhead? How do we determine the difference between the Son & the Spirit? Last week we looked at the word “begotten” in relation to Son seen from John 3:16, proceeds is the word chosen to refer to the Spirit’s relation because of John 15:26 (remember, they’re working to define how the Bible reveals God to us) so we see that the Spirit proceeds from the Father, while the Son is begotten from the Father.

-we’ll talk about the part in brackets as the third point, so hold onto that

-The theme in this next section is the Greek word syn being used repeatedly in this section, it means “with” or “together.”

-a literal way of trying to translate this idea would make zero sense in English in most cases, but it appears 3 times: “with”, “co-worshipped” and “co-glorified” attempting to signify that we worship God as Father, Son, and Spirit.

-Something I’ve been mulling over for a few years that comes out of this: do we pray to the Spirit? And I at times struggle to land on some of this discussion because there’s so many excesses of conversation that we need to avoid, but that doesn’t mean we should stop thinking, studying, or learning about the HS, but if the HS is God, then shouldn’t we also pray to Him? 

-I also think emphasis matters, because the primary focus throughout Scripture is on the Father (think of the Lord’s Prayer, how does it begin?), the second emphasis is on the Son, and the third emphasis is on the Spirit, which means if we’re following the Bible our addressing of God should follow a similar pattern where we direct our prayers to our Father, addressing him through the Son, and we do so in the indwelling power of the Holy Spirit. And even the work of the HS is meant to focus our minds in a specific direction: towards Jesus.

-I love what Charles Spurgeon said about this idea in one of his devotionals: Friends, part of the reason we struggle with sin is because we’re too busy looking at our sin or at ourselves instead of looking to Christ! Ask the Holy Spirit to focus your eyes on Jesus instead of yourself! 
-As always, because we’re in the realm of God, there’s more that could be said, but we don’t have time to dig into it today! I have plenty of books for you if you want to borrow them!

-The last phrase on the Holy Spirit gets to the realm of speaking. Have you ever considered the reality that our God speaks? And not just that God speaks, but sometimes God speaks through people! Where it says the prophets here, just replace it with “the Bible.” Anytime we see the Spirit speaking it’s going to drive us back to the Bible, and we see examples of that throughout Scripture:

-Look at what David says in 2 Sam. 23:2. Who is that spoke through David? The Spirit!

-Look how the author of Hebrews refers to the OT in 3:7. He’s quoting Psalm 95 there, but who does it say was speaking in Psalm 95? The HS!

-But it’s not just the OT the whole Bible is inspired by the same Spirit! 2 Tim. 3:16-17 tells us that ALL Scripture is “inspired by God” is trying to translate another compound Greek word made up of God + breath/Spirit, some translations have “God-breathed”, again inspired by the Spirit, and notice the goal of this inspiration: for us to be complete and ready for every good work (which comes about through the Spirit working in us)

-The last example of the Spirit speaking through Scripture: 2 Peter 1:21. I love the picture Peter paints here! “carried along” God working in them, but not leaving them off the hook, all this comes because the third person of the Trinity lives within us in some mysterious way through faith.

-Not let’s get into the most debated phrase of this whole thing: 

  • Filioque

-If you don’t know Latin, this word is Latin for “and the Son.”

-Let’s go back to the verse for the wording of this creed “proceeds” in John 15:26

-It sure looks like the Son is somehow involved in this process, right? And there’s other passages like John 14:16, once again Jesus is involved in the sending of the Spirit, even if the Spirit doesn’t “proceed” from the Son.

-The biggest debate about this whole creed is whether or not to include “and the Son” of for the procession of the HS. This is pointed to as the reason for the split of the church between the east and the west. The phrase wasn’t added to the creed until 589 (200 years later), at a Western council in Toledo, Spain

-And this wasn’t a trivial matter! One of the eastern bishops named Photius wrote in 866 (pardon the French): do you see how strongly he’s condemning the phrase?

-And he has a point! Notice the word ecumenical, we tend to view that word with at least skepticism today, if not outright dismissal as someone who pursues just the lowest common denominator in theology instead of taking a stance, in this case view it positively as something the whole church together affirms.

-We’re Western Christians, we’re products of affirming that the Spirit proceeds from both the Father and the Son, but is that the best way to describe their relationship?

-Some terms theologians use to help us understand are in Latin: one refers to the mysterious inner workings of the Trinity that we can’t fully understand, the other refers to the external workings of the Trinity (and if you go digging into this further you’ll find that theologians will also refer to this distinction as the economic or the immanent Trinity, economic as the external workings, immanent as the internal)

-And if you just got more confused: we need a way of distinguishing between the work of God Himself versus the way we experience him in the history of salvation. For example, we can say that God lives in us from the moment we’re saved, but we can’t say the Son lives in us. Similarly we can say that Mary is the mother of God (another early church debate!), but we can’t say that Mary is the mother of the Father. Or one more example, we can say that God died, but we can’t say that the Father died.

-The phrase “and the Son” wasn’t in the original, so it shouldn’t be considered a marker of orthodoxy, but we do have to acknowledge some kind of relationship between the Son and the Spirit. Maximus the Confessor (another great name) said it should be proceeds from the Father through the Son.

-Words matter, definitions of words matter, and God’s revelation matters above all of them! And one of the joys of being a Protestant (that’s another church history issue for another time) is we can look at some of these debates as outside observers who continually go back to the Bible and try to defend what the Bible says. So a couple passages that I think help us get some more glimpses into the Trinity:

John 16 shows the Spirit obeying Jesus, and says that everything the Father has is also Jesus’s, which you could argue that if the Spirit proceeds from the Father, then He must also proceed from the Son.

-In contrast to that, Mark 1 tells the account of Jesus’s baptism where all 3 persons of the Trinity are glimpsed together, Jesus in the water, the Spirit like a dove, and the Father affirming His Son. But then what happens to Jesus? He obeys the Spirit. And once again, we’re left with a mystery as to how the Godhead works “ad intra” or internally. We experience the Trinity “ad extra” and the Spirit (through the Son) brings us into this loving relationship within the Trinity, but we will never completely understand how this relationship works. And each time we bring up this mystery, we need to fall on our face in worship of this God. 

-I want to end our study on the HS today in John 20. Because of what God has done for us through His Son and in the Spirit living in us, we have peace with God. But the Spirit living in us is also the reason we’re still here in the world. The Spirit living in us is the reason Jesus sends us out into the world to both show the world the love God has for them, and to live holy lives in the world as a picture of what it means to follow Jesus.

-There’s also a note in here about sins, which leads us into the Lord’s Table. The church is the place where we gather each week to remember what’s truly true: that we have been adopted into this family of God that comes from the Father, through the Son, and in the Spirit. This family allows you to have your sins forgiven and together works towards ensuring the purity of Christ’s bride. 

In One Lord – Sermon Manuscript

-We’re spending 4 weeks looking at the Nicene Creed because it helps provide a foundation for what we as Christians need to affirm. It’s the 1 extra-biblical document affirmed by all branches of the church and helps us learn how we should talk about the God of the Bible. Today we have a special treat, though, because there’s 1 word in here that’s not found in the Bible, which we’ll get to in a little bit.
-Also, remember that this wasn’t written to determine the books of the Bible (I don’t like that terminology anyway, humans didn’t determine the books that God inspired, they affirmed them, feel free to ask me about that sometime if you want)
READ Col. 1
-But just like we had a bad creed last week, I have another really bad creed that went viral a few years ago during a livestream from a “church” in Edina (I won’t even mention the name of it), called “The Sparkle Creed,” and it is as bad as that makes it sound. Are you ready to hear it? DO NOT recite this one with me because it is horrible: 
-non-binary doesn’t work to a being that isn’t gendered, God is spirit so that’s a category mistake. Also, He always reveals Himself in the singular and masculine throughout the Bible, so why aren’t they using God’s preferred pronouns?
-I have no clue what fabulous tunic Jesus wore, Joseph wore a fabulous tunic in Genesis, but not Jesus (maybe they confused the 2 people?). Jesus also didn’t have 2 dads, this completely ignores the mother of Jesus, you can’t create a baby with 2 dads!
-And on and on the nonsense goes (what does an AIDS quilt have to do with Jesus? love is love is love?) What are they actually confessing to believe in and where is their unbelief here? This whole thing is merely a humanistic statement that aligns with all our modern culture’s little-g gods. I shared last week that it’s significant that the Nicene Creed begins with WE believe (although some manuscripts said I in terms of one being baptized), but look how this one begins. Friends, this is one of the biggest problems in our world today: excessive focus on the individual. Even for Christians in the West, we view our faith as something we pick and choose. We jump from church to church whenever we want, we run from commitment and complain when things don’t perfectly align with what we want. And in that world, Jesus offers us something radically different: an invitation into a relationship with the triune God, who has eternally existed in a loving relationship of 3 equally divine persons, and our job as Christians is to invite others into that relationship that happens from the Father, through the Son, and in the Spirit.
-The question before us today is point one in my outline:
Is Jesus God?
-Think back to last week, I said the primary question the early church was working to determine was in this world, where there’s God, then a HARD line that separates Him from His creation, where do you put Jesus? Arius (4th century pastor) argued that the Son has to go below the line because God is one, so he used the phrase “There was a time when the Son was not” as his motto. But is that what the Bible actually reveals about God? I alluded to this last week, but Dan Brown (who just used an argument from Bart Ehrman) in The da Vinci Code spun a funny story about the Nicaean council meeting to “create” the Bible that ostracized people and didn’t represent “true” Christianity. That’s nothing close to what happened! In fact, this debate pushed people back to the Bible, and many of the early church fathers had the entire Bible memorized! Their writings are dripping with quotes from the Bible, which is why the Nicaean creed is similarly dripping with the Bible.
-One of my favorite professors in seminary said he wished instead of asking “what do you believe” when talking about this creed, pastors would ask “In whom do you trust,” because this creed is focused on the God of the Bible, not in what we do. So I’m going to ask you to recite it with me again this week, and following my professor, church, in whom do you trust?
-I want to look at 2 passages from the Bible before we work our way through the creed that will help us answer this question and will help us hear where some of the wording from the creed comes from! 
-First, John 1. John begins by alluding to the creation account of Gen. 1, and then goes on to tell us that the Word (who John later reveals is Jesus) was in the beginning. And this Word was with God and was God. With and was, separate and together. And then we see our preposition that we got from Fred Sanders last week: through. From the Father, through the Son, in the Spirit. He’s also described as the light (which is important for the creed)
-Second is what we read earlier, the Christ-hymn of Col. 1. Building up to this, Paul has been saying focusing on what we have in Jesus, then He bursts into this praise: the image of God, if you want to know what God looks like, look to Jesus. Firstborn (but not in terms of being created, this is priority) and we see that creation was THROUGH Him (visible and invisible). He is before and holding together everything, and He’s the head of the church. AND the Firstborn from the dead (pointing to another resurrection that we will experience). God has ALL his fullness dwell in him. How much is all? All! Nothing’s left out of God’s fullness dwelling in Him (that’s another way of saying He’s God). Jesus also provides the way to peace: through His blood. 
-I don’t know if you picked up on it from those passages, but those pretty clearly seem to be saying that Jesus is God, don’t they? And just in case we missed it, look at what Jesus says in John 10:30. And this is the point where the Jews know exactly what He’s saying and pick up rocks to kill Him! The question is: how do we talk about that? And that’s where the debate came from at Nicea:
-We’ll take this in 2 parts, the first is the divinity of Jesus, second is the work of the incarnate Jesus.
The Only-Begotten
-First thing to note is just as we confess one God, we also confess one Lord, but then it goes on to describe the HS as the Lord! That’s intentionally done so that we understand that Jesus and the Holy Spirit are also united. This word has a wide range of meanings throughout the Bible: used in the Greek translation of the OT to translate the divine name (Yahweh). In the NT it can refer to Jesus as God, and in other places it can be a sign of respect (such as calling a ruler my lord). In this case, it’s referring to Him as His divine name.
-Jesus Christ, transliteration of Joshua, the one who led his people into the promised land, and Christ is the anointed one, the long-awaited Messiah from the OT.
-Now we get to the good stuff! The only-begotten. Taking language from John 3:16, the creed states that Jesus is the only one who was begotten from the Father, and that this “begetting” is eternal.
-This is where Arius got off, because it’s a category error to assume that God is exactly like us, and this is also where this is good news for us. Begetting is a way of referring to the relationships within the Trinity, it’s not the same way that we “beget” today. So even though the Father “begets” the Son, there was never a time where the Son wasn’t “begotten” from the Father. What that means is we can’t apply the limit of time to this relationship; God has forever existed as Father and Son (and we can add Spirit to that list).
-And what makes this good news for us is it’s because of this relationship that we’re here today. One of the realities about God that we read in 1 John 4:8 is that He is love, but love assumes that there is someone else to love, otherwise that love turns inward and becomes self-love, which is gross! Love requires there to be someone else that the love is directed towards (which is, as the EFCA SOF says, why God eternally existing as a loving unity of 3 equally divine persons is so significant). Contrast this with Muslims who believe that Allah has 99 names that describe Him, one of which is “the most loving.” But who has Allah been loving? Muslims emphasize the unity of God and call those who believe in the Trinity heretics, strong words about Christians! But who has Allah been loving for eternity? And the word is specifically supposed to refer to love of someone else. If that someone else means that Allah loves his creation, then suddenly he’s not a completely independent god, he’s reliant on his creation to allow him to be loving, that’s not the case with the Christian God. That’s why we can say that God didn’t need to create us, He is completely independent in himself, but out of the overflow of God’s perfect trinitarian love, He created everything to be brought into that pre-existing relationship, which means our purpose in existing is to love God, and then represent that love to the rest of creation (doesn’t that almost sound like what Jesus said is the summary of the law? Love God, and love your neighbor) And once again, we see the importance of the prepositions from Fred Sanders: from the Father, through the Son, in the Spirit.
-God from God, Light from Light, true God from true God. Jesus is God, light, and the true God, and He’s also the Son who is sent from the Father: unity and diversity at the same time.
-They then clarify what they meant when they said begotten: not made, meaning that God’s begetting is different than a human begetting. This is another way of attacking Arius’s argument that Jesus was a created being.
-And now, finally, we’re at the one word that isn’t found in the Bible. One note: it’s not wrong to use extra-biblical words to attempt to describe things that are true about God, it helps us understand what we’re talking about! The Greek word they used is the word homoousios which is of the same essence (or Being as the translation we’ve been using says).
-And there’s a fantastic story that goes along with the choice of this word! The bishops kept attempting to use only words from the Bible, but Arius and his crew kept sitting in the corner chuckling to themselves as each word was proposed because they could use those same words with different dictionaries to stick with their perspective that Jesus was a created being. Here’s what Athanasius wrote about 20 years after the council:
-Dissimulation is a fancy word for hiding one’s internal thoughts and feelings to trick someone else. Arius and his followers (called Arians) were able to take the biblical words and twist them to mean what they wanted them to mean, which is why the council needed to come up with a word that couldn’t be twisted by them. And do you see how this discussion drove them back to the Bible to try to summarize what the Bible says in a way that can’t be debated?
-And the debate became which of these 2 words is the best description of the Bible’s definition of Jesus? And it’s been said that never has so much hinged on a single iota (the Greek letter i). The first word: homo (is a common word today, means “same”) the second word is ousia (“essence” or “being” or “substance”) some of the trick is in translation there isn’t always a 1 for 1 correlation, and words change meaning over time, so I like the way this translation has “Being” with the capital letter. The second proposed word changes the first word from “same” to “like”, which means Jesus is like the Father in essence, which Arius could have affirmed in his own way. And after much debate and discussion, the word homoousios became the orthodox way of referring to the Son, that is He is of the exact same essence or Being as the Father. Because of the unique relationship within the Trinity, people had to carefully determine how we would talk about it, which words adequately describe it, which words make it more difficult, and how can we all come to the same dictionary definition? You may remember this picture from last week, the 7 statements to describe God (which 1 book I read this week said is still not helpful because it looks like there are 4 instead of 3! Do you see why this is so difficult to discuss?) But what it’s trying to communicate is what we just talked about, which can be seen like this: The words they landed on to make sure that Arius couldn’t sneak by was “being” or “essence” which the three were referred to as “persons.” If you want to know about why they landed on persons, email me! 
-But that doesn’t get to everything that Jesus did, as we see in the next section:
Was Incarnate 
-What is the incarnation? We established from the first section that the Son is God, but then what about all the other stuff that He did, like taking on flesh and living as a human (like we saw in Colossians earlier). And it’s important for us to realize that even when the council that met at Nicaea was done, the debate wasn’t done. We heard from Athanasius earlier, who wasn’t even a bishop at the time, but spent his life defending the Nicene creed against misinterpretation. Then after Athanasius was another guy who continued refining what it was that the Bible revealed about Jesus, and here’s why we needed Jesus to become incarnate:
-Essentially, what he’s arguing is that if Jesus wasn’t completely human, then we can’t be completely saved. As an example, what if Jesus didn’t have a physical body (as some early cults tried to argue)? Then the only thing that could be saved is our immaterial parts, which is one of the things that this creed makes clear didn’t happen. Jesus was fully and completely human so that we could be fully and completely saved.
-It begins with the entire reason Jesus came: for our salvation. Did you notice that this is the first time it turns any attention to us? This is all focused on God and what He has done for us to bring us into relationship with Him. And then after mentioning us, it goes back to focusing on the second person of God:
-And I think it’s helpful for us to see the 10 verbs in this section that provide a summary of what Jesus did, and do you see how there’s what He did in the past, what He is currently doing, and what He will do in the future.
-First He came down from heaven, he humbled himself is the way Phil. 2 says it. Was incarnate comes from the Latin translation of this word, but the Greek word used is something like “was fleshified.” This is a unique term that describes something that only God could do. One author stated that this is different than embodied because “every living human being is embodied, but only Christ is God incarnate.” The Greek word emphasizes the fleshiness of this, the reality that Jesus entered into a fully human existence. This is a slight tangent, but I’m not a fan of people who say we as Christians are supposed to do “incarnational ministry.” I understand what people mean by that in that we’re supposed to represent Christ to the world, but I worry that it conflates what only Jesus could do with what we can do. We can witness and point to Him, only Jesus can be incarnate.
-And see how He became incarnate: from the HS and the Virgin Mary. We’ll look closer at the HS next week, but the first description of the HS in this creed is the life-giver. Just as the Spirit was hovering over the waters in the first creation, here He was involved in this special creation of the God-man, Jesus Christ, as Luke 1:35 tells us.
-And to make it explicit that Jesus was fully human, a literal translation of this next phrase is “in-humanized.” This is where Arius’s famous statement didn’t go far enough: there was a time when the Son was not human, but there was never a time when the Son was not existing. And friends, this is the craziest part of the whole story of Scripture. God eternal, who existed before time and space lowered himself down to our level by entering human history and being born as a baby. Again, I think Gregory of Nazianzus is helpful here: at no time during His earthly existence did He stop upholding the universe, but He also added humanity to what He was. Somehow and some way the eternal and invisible God added humanity to Himself, and with that said we’re at the mystery card again! Now, think of what the author of Hebrews says about Jesus: 
-I remember pondering this verse when I was in high school, and theologians love to debate: could Jesus have sinned? As if sin is inherent to being human. Unfortunately for the rest of us, it is. But that was not a part of God’s design of humans, sin actually is a marker that we’re not fully human, so Jesus was the most human person to ever walk the earth. 
-After ensuring that we understand Jesus’ humanity, we get to His work on the cross. He was crucified under Pilate, pointing to the historical reliability of this event as well as God’s sovereignty in guiding even a Roman governor! 
-Then it says he suffered death, but could the eternal and all-powerful God even suffer, much less die? One of the truths we confess about God is that he is immortal! I appreciated with Phillip Cary said about this: 
-And this creed goes even further in saying that He was buried. He died all the way, even facing the realm of the dead, which means when we die, we don’t need to be afraid, because Christ has already conquered that, too!
-And then we get to the reason to be a Christian: Jesus didn’t stay dead. On the third day He rose again! And this resurrection isn’t just for Jesus, this resurrection is the first fruits of death itself being undone! Jesus, in death, ensured that we never have to live apart from Him, so even when death comes for us (if the Jesus doesn’t come back before that day), we have nothing to fear! Jesus is with us here and there, and this was God’s plan “according to the Scriptures.”
-After 40 days, He ascended back into heaven, the place where He came down from. But now there’s something different about Him: He now has a body, forever. Jesus, the 1st century Jewish man, is now living in heaven as a fully incarnated human, which blows my mind! Now, heaven isn’t some place that we need to go into space to enter, it’s an invisible realm that we can’t see with our physical eyes right now, but somehow God can still see and interact with us here. And Jesus, the Son of God is currently sitting at the right hand of the Father, and a better way of thinking of sitting would be “is enthroned” as David describes in Psalm 110. While Jesus’ atoning work is done, the Bible tells us that He lives to constantly intercede on our behalf, to constantly lift us up before His Father.
-And lastly, this isn’t the end of the story. He has promised that He will return, the same way He left, in glory. This return won’t be humble, this return will be as the conquering King who will judge the living and the dead, which means no one is off the hook. And when He returns, that’s just the beginning of the end, because His kingdom will never end!
-And if we are in Christ, if we have been saved, if we have believed that Jesus is the Son of God, then we are brought up into this perfect trinitarian relationship because the of what Jesus has done for us.
-He came down, was incarnate, and was made man. He was crucified, he suffered, and was buried. Then he rose again, ascended into heaven, and is seated at His Father’s right hand, from where He will come again in glory, and all of this was: for us and for our salvation.
-This is the miracle of the Trinity, that God became a man to enable men and women to become children of God. I can’t think of any better news, of any better hope then trusting in this God of love.

In One God – Sermon Manuscript

-My parents offered to watch the kids last night, so Cara and I got to go out for a date night, and we tried a new to us place called Crisp & Green in AV. Decent salads and smoothies if you’re looking for a salad! But they had something on the wall that serves as a perfect illustration of why we need to study something like the Nicene Creed: 

-I’m not sure about you, but I’m not looking to a salad place to tell me what to believe! Also, what does it mean to be 100% authentic? There’s all sort of different creeds that people hold to today (one of which is always be 100% authentic to yourself). But what is a Christian creed? What do we claim to believe in?

-We’re going to kick this series off reading from Deut. 6:4-8 (pg. 157)

-Our bread and butter here is picking a book of the Bible and walking through it. But how do we know how to interpret what’s in the Bible? Another way of asking this question is: how do we know which interpretation is the correct one? I share this regularly when I preach, but there are debates about all sorts of things in the Bible! The correct translation of specific words, the authors meaning behind the words, why some authors use words differently (if you want to wade into the waters look at the different ways Paul and James use the word “works”). One way the church (when I say that, I’m referring to the universal church) has tried to answer that question is by creating creeds, or statements of belief. Generally, these occur in response to specific questions or issues that are brought up as people start digging into Scripture, and the earliest debates in the church were focused on the question of how Jesus could be God. How could a first-century Jewish man who ate, walked, breathed, and slept be the Creator and sustainer of the universe? Especially when at the core of the Jewish faith is the confession that the Lord our God the Lord is one. I’ll mention this now as a teaser, but the big debate centers on this picture: where does Jesus fit in the understanding that God is unique when there’s a hard line between God and creation, does Jesus go above or below the line?

-One of the first things we have to admit is that in order for us to know God, He has to come down to our level. John Calvin, in his institutes, said, “God, in so speaking, lisps with us as nurses are wont to do with little children.” He’s saying that any talk God does to us is like baby talk, which is good for us, but it also means there are things that are said that we can’t fully understand, if we could completely understand God then He wouldn’t be God, we would! So then as we dig into what God has revealed, it takes some work and effort for us to figure out exactly what is meant in this “baby talk.”

-We also need to do some (what I have previously called) “Theological tune-up” from time to time! It’s worth trying to take some of what the Bible says and putting it together into a coherent system of belief (which is called systematic theology). I’ve shared this picture before, but it bears repeating as a reminder of how we grow in our knowledge and understanding of God. Exegesis is working to answer the question what does the text say? Biblical theology answers the question how has God revealed His word organically and historically, tracing various themes and ideas throughout the whole Bible. Historical theology answers the question how has the church historically understood this text? Systematic theology answers the question what does the Bible say about certain topics? And finally, pastoral theology answers how should humans respond to God’s revelation? We need all of these disciplines, but they’re often segmented off from each other, and in preaching the tendency is to do exegesis and then jump to pastoral theology without doing any further work. This series is intentionally taking some time to drill down into systematic theology, how do we put together what the Bible says about God? And all of these areas of study shape and inform each other in a feedback loop to help us grow in our understanding of what God has spoken to us. We need all of them working together to help us.

-I also like being late to the party, last year was the 1700th anniversary of the writing of the Nicene Creed, so I thought we should look at it, but I’d rather look at it after everyone else has already done it! My hope by the end of this series is that some of you have this creed memorized! So instead of doing a key verse in the sermon notes for this series, I’ve printed off some half sheets that have the whole thing on them, and the elders are also working to memorize it to recite at our meeting next month (so feel free to ask them how they’re memorization is coming). We’ll ALSO be singing a song after the sermon each week that helps us learn the words to this creed and move to a proper response. The words are also going to be on the screen each week, so would you please recite this creed with me (modern translation that I linked to in the sermon preview)

  1. What is a Creed?

-At the most basic level, a creed is an articulation of right belief, it’s where we get the word orthodoxy from 2 Greek words: orthos meaning straight or correct, and doxa meaning praise or belief. And that’s just 1 of the orthos, because for Christians the end goal isn’t just orthodoxy, the end goal of correct belief is orthopraxy (praxis Greek doing or practice) which is guided by orthocardia (right emotions), this is loving God correctly with all our heart, mind, soul, strength. This is meant to be a means of aligning what it is we believe with each other.

-Sometimes creeds were called symbols (from the Latin symbolum) which served as a sign or a token of being on the same side. For example, imagine a soldier is approaching a building at night, it’s dark outside, so the soldier standing guard says, “Halt! Who goes there?” and this army has a response that means they’re on the same side (open sesame). Another meaning of the symbolum is a pledge of allegiance giving from a solider when they were inducted into the army, they were given a creed something to recite that served as their confession in. Similarly for Christians, when they were baptized, they were pledging their allegiance to this God. 

-There are a number of what we could call “creeds” throughout the Bible (different than other creeds because these are all inspired), but there are numerous phrases that were used to identify God’s people throughout Scripture. One of the common phrases I’ve heard from Evangelicals is “No creed but the Bible.” And I understand and empathize with that impulse, but as soon as we say that we’re actually enacting a creed! And even more difficult: what do we do when heretical groups claim the same thing, as we’ll see with Mormons and Jehovah’s Witnesses? Really briefly, a few examples of what could be viewed as creeds throughout the Bible:

-We read this one earlier, Deut. 6, and do you see how this is God’s people pledging their allegiance to Him alone? God’s Words are to be at the forefront of everything they do.

-Another example is found in 1 Cor. 15, Paul quotes something that he says he received. That is he didn’t make it up or come up with it, it was passed down to him, and then he passes it down to the churches he plants and supports. 

-Another one is thought to be found in 1 Tim. 3, which again focuses on Jesus.

-Finally, there’s a few different places where we have a VERY short creedal statement, I’ll use Rom. 10:9, but it’s also found in 1 Cor. 12:3, Phil. 2:11, and that is the proclamation that Jesus is Lord. It’s a confession of truth, of aligning ourselves to this specific God who took on flesh as the God-man Jesus.

  • Why Study a Creed?

-The first and most important reason is because creeds provide guardrails that serve as protection from heresy. One brief caveat here before I continue, that word is used far too loosely today by so many online organizations that become “heresy hunters” who are trying to condemn as many people as they can! It’s not a Christian virtue to constantly be looking for problems in others. I have a pastor friend who likes to say that Christians are called to operate with the perspective of love, which means we assume the best about others, we don’t operate with the perspective of skepticism, that’s not a Christian virtue. That being said, heresy is still a real thing that we need to be aware of! So a few examples of groups today who deny the Nicene Creed, and why we need to understand what this creed is saying:

-We’ll start with Jehovah’s Witnesses (of which Michal Jackson was a part of, and so was Prince). On their website under what they believe they say: 

-Do you notice that they’re quoting the Bible to back up what they believe? Does that mean that they’re orthodox in those beliefs? Absolutely not! In fact, I often see JWs at the library when we take our kids there, with their displays to try to convince others to join this heretical cult! 

-What about the group formerly known as Mormons (LDS)? Here’s a quote from their website from an article titled “Becoming Like God.” Distinct beings, unity of the divine. What is divine, and what are beings? But Joseph Smith said some pretty crazy things too, like: Does any of that sound like what we read in the Bible, or like what we read about in the Nicene Creed?

-One more modern-day example: United Pentecostal Church International (oneness penecostalism) again deny the Trinity. There aren’t 3 persons of the Godhead, they are 3 “modes” or perceptions of God. They even explicitly state that they baptize only in the name of Jesus.

-Do you see how they’re taking the Bible and twisting and distorting it to fit their ideas? They even reference various verses but then ignore or gloss over any verses that don’t fit within their ideas. This is why we need creeds to correct the areas where we may be tempted to twist the Bible. As an example, my kids will often ask the question “Does ____ believe in God?” So YouTube stars, actors, basketball players, etc. And that’s fine for their age, but as you get older you know it’s not enough to ask that question, you need to go to the second question of WHICH God someone believes in. The Nicene Creed tells us which God is the God of the Bible that we should worship.

-Secondly, it allows us to avoid what CS Lewis called “chronological snobbery.” Friends, we are not the first Christians to live! God has been at work among His people for millennia, and it helps us to know and love God by learning from the examples of those who have wrestled through various issues in the past.

-A secondary question to the above is why study of THIS creed (besides it being the 1701st anniversary of it). Because it’s the most important creed in church history. It’s the only creed that has been affirmed by every branch of orthodox Christianity (not the eastern orthodox church), thus serves as a good foundation for “theological triage.” If you haven’t heard that before, you haven’t been coming here very long! We need a way of ranking specific doctrines, because denying some of them would land put you in heresy, but other doctrines have a wide margin of belief to them and you’re not in doubt of worshipping the wrong God. 

-If you noticed when we recited it, it’s broken down nicely into 3 sections that all begin with “We believe” and each section refers to 1 person of the Godhead: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. The trinity is what separates Christianity from every other religion that has ever been created, and whatever language we use for it is going to fall short in some area. We’re entering into the realm of the divine when we talk about theology, which means there’s going to be things that our human minds can’t completely comprehend. There’s also no analogy that accurately describes the Trinity (egg and clover they’re all separate, water can’t be all 3 at the same time, human as father, son, and husband only gets to the relational aspect of the trinity but breaks down into modalism). 

-In an attempt to simplify some of this conversation, there are 7 statements that are true about God, which are all found in this picture. So if you can start to understand this picture, you’re starting to grasp the one true God who has revealed Himself to His creation. 1. The Father is God. 2. The Son is God. 3. The Holy Spirit is God. 4. The Father is not the Son. 5. The Son is not the Holy Spirit. 6. The Holy Spirit is not the Father. 7. There is only one God.

-I’ve shared this story a couple times before, but it bears repeating as we begin this series. In seminary, you’re required to take some theology classes, which means we got to read a few books about theology. In talking about the Trinity, my professor said because we’re in the realm of God, we have a “mystery” card to play, but that doesn’t mean as soon as we enter into that realm we jump to waving the “mystery” white flag, we need to put in the work before we jump to the mystery. Our focus over the next 4 weeks is going to be exploring the beautiful doctrine of the Trinity, what theologian Fred Sanders calls “the happy land of the Trinity.” Even the word “trinity” isn’t in the Bible, it’s a word that humans came up with to describe this picture: tri (3) unity.

-Why was this creed written? In response to an early church debate that was taking place. There was a bishop (elder/pastor) named Arius who was trying to uphold the unity (oneness) and uniqueness of God. If God is one, then that means that even the Son had to be created by God. He was picking up the terminology from one of the most well-known Bible verses: John 3:16 (in the old NKJV that I memorized it in), begotten means there was a beginning time, right? That’s how it works with humans, I begot my kids, there was a time before they existed. Unfortunately, we can’t project the way humans work unto God. So when Arius was reading this, he equated begotten with created, but that’s not what is meant by this statement. God’s begetting is connecting to the way they relate to each other, not the way ordering of the Godhead (we’ll get there, don’t worry!). But Arius began teaching this, and apparently even created catchy songs that were spread across the Mediterranean by sailors (Athanasius said the songs weren’t even very good).

-Recently converted emperor Constantine, in order to protect the unity of his kingdom convened this council that met in Nicea to determine who was right: Arius or Alexander (bishop of Alexandria). Over 300 bishops convened, and there wasn’t a clear winner at the beginning. But it’s important for us to know that they didn’t set to determine ALL orthodoxy (inerrancy and the books of the Bible wasn’t even a discussion topic, contrary to Dan Brown’s presentation) primarily focused on the deity of Jesus, and worked to clarify the relationship God had between Himself and how that impacts us today.

-I mentioned Fred Sanders earlier, but I love the way he summarizes the way we respond to God: 

-We’ll be discussing more about the council each week as we work our way through the creed, but with all that background, let’s look at the first section:

  • God is One

-We believe: instead of a mere intellectual ascent, this is a way of ascribing allegiance to the one true God, who has declared from the beginning that He is one. He has no parts, He cannot be divided, He is completely united in being. This begins in the same place that shema began as a way to acknowledge the past history of God’s work. One note on this creed, the authors worked their hardest to use only biblical language, and they were successful with all except 1 word. But you’ll need to come back next week to find out what that 1 word is! There’s also some debate over how to translate this opening phrase, some manuscripts have the plural (we), others have the individual (I). One purpose in having this creed is to give something for those who were getting baptized to agree to! So in that case, it’s I believe, but WE all affirm along with those getting baptized.

-Second, the first things He’s called is Father, and this gets to His relation to His Son, Jesus, and because of what Jesus has done it also describes His relation to us. He’s not just the father though, He’s also the almighty. The words used by this creed were used to refer to some other gods too, in this case it’s a way of saying that God is the ruler over everything.

-He’s also the maker (or creator) of heaven and earth. This is a way of saying everything (like when someone says I’ve been working day and night, you don’t take it to mean there was no breaks), it also echoes the language of Gen. 1

-Lastly, it alludes to Col. 1:16 when it says that God created the visible sphere and the invisible sphere. But this also is a way of denying the Gnostic heresy that said Jesus was just 1 of a plethora of gods in the supernatural realm.

-This is the shortest section of the creed because this wasn’t really up for debate. Even the heretics believed in the unity of God, but what do we do with it today? We believe. Belief is more than just a mental check box (like saying you read the terms and conditions of every app you download), this is confessing our allegiance in this God who is completely united and can’t be divided. This God created everyone, including you and me, and what’s the most amazing about this God is He doesn’t leave us alone. He comes down in flesh to bear the penalty for our sins and then comes down to indwell those who confess that they believe in His name.